In fact, when the material life of each man is once 

 secured along with the duty of work for all those asso- 

 ciated together, a man will always be struggling for the 

 greatest development of his physical and moral person- 

 ality. And it is only in the socialist re'gime that the 

 predominance of the law of solidarity being decisive, the 

 struggle for existence will change its form and scope, 

 whilst persisting in an eternal struggle towards a better 

 life in the joint development of the individual and the 

 aggregate.* 



But M. Garofalo occupies himself more with the 

 practical (?) relations between socialism and the law of 

 evolution than with this apparently theoretical problem. 

 And substantially taking up for his purpose the objection 

 so many times made to Marxism and to its tactics, he 

 thus formulates his prosecutor's speech : 



" The new socialists who on the one side pretend to 

 speak in the name of sociological science, on the other 

 side declare themselves politically as revolutionaries. 

 Now it is evident that science has nothing more to do 

 here. Although they are careful to say that by 'revolu- 

 tion' they do not mean a riot or a revolt, a thing which 

 the dictionary, moreover, explains, this always remains : 

 that they will not await the spontaneous organisation of 

 society in the new economic arrangement caught sight 

 of by them in a future more or less distant ; otherwise, 

 who among them would survive to prove to the incredu- 

 lous the truth of their predictions." 



" We are, therefore, concerned with a revolution' 

 artificially hastened, that is to say, in other terms, with 

 the use of force to transform society according to their 

 desire " (page 30). 



" The socialists of the school of Marx do not expect 

 the transformation of a slow evolution, but a revolution 

 of the people, of which they even fix the period" (p. 53). 



" It is indispensable that socialists should decide from 

 now to be : 



"Either theoretical evolutionists who AWAIT PATIENTLY 



FOR THE TIME TO BE RIPE, 



" Or, on the contrary, revolutionary democrats, and 

 then it is useless to speak of evolution, accumulation, 

 spontaneous concentration, etc. MAKE THE REVOLUTION 



THEN IF YOU HAVE THE POWER " (p. 151). 



On the subject of the social question the attitudes in 



* Recently M. Pioger, La vie tociale, etc., Paris, 1894, showed that "the 

 idea of increasing solidarity is the ultimate and most general result of all 

 that constitute*- scientific knowledge." 



Now, since socialism is based principally on the idea of solidarity, 

 whilst individualism is based essentially on antagonism more or less 

 marked, the agreement of socialism with contemporary scientific thought 

 is put once again in full evidence. 



