352 SYNOPSIS OF SUBJECTS TREATED. 



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PAGE 



The phases of dissipated energy of an ideal gas-mixture with components which are 

 chemically related, - - 



Gas-mixtures with convertible components, 



Case of peroxide of nitrogen, - - 175 



Fundamental equations for the phases of equilibrium, - - 182 



SOLIDS. 



The conditions of internal and external equilibrium for solids in contact with fluids 



with regard to all possible states of strain, - 184 



Strains expressed by nine differential coefficients, - - 185 



Variation of energy in an element of a solid, - - 186 



Deduction of the conditions of equilibrium, - - 187 



Discussion of the condition which relates to the dissolving of the solid, - - 193 



Fundamental equations for solids, - - - 201 



Concerning solids which absorb fluids, - - 215 



THEORY OF CAPILLARITY. 



Surfaces of discontinuity between fluid masses. 



Preliminary notions. Surfaces of discontinuity. Dividing surface, - 219 



Discussion of the problem. The particular conditions of equilibrium for contiguous 

 masses relating to temperature and the potentials which have already been 

 obtained are not invalidated by the influence of the surface of discontinuity. 

 Superficial energy and entropy. Superficial densities of the component sub- 

 stances. General expression for the variation of the superficial energy. Con- 

 dition of equilibrium relating to the pressures in the contiguous masses, - - 219 



Fundamental equations for surfaces of discontinuity between fluid masses, - - 229 

 Experimental determination of the same, - - 231 



Fundamental equations for plane surfaces, - 233 



Stability of surfaces of discontinuity 



(1) with respect to changes in the nature of the surface, - - 237 



(2) with respect to changes in which the form of the surface is varied, - - 242 

 On the possibility of the formation of a fluid of different phase within any homo- 

 geneous fluid, - - 252 



On the possible formation at the surface where two different homogeneous fluids 



meet of a fluid of different phase from either, - 258 



Substitution of pressures for potentials in fundamental equations for surfaces, - 264 

 Thermal and mechanical relations pertaining to the extension of surfaces of dis- 

 continuity, - - - - , - 269 

 Impermeable films, - - 275 

 The conditions of internal equilibrium for a system of heterogeneous fluid masses 

 without neglect of the influence of the surfaces of discontinuity or of gravity, - 276 

 Conditions of stability, - - 285 

 On the possibility of the formation of a new surface of discontinuity where several 



surfaces of discontinuity meet, - - 287 



The conditions of stability for fluids relating to the formation of a new phase at a 



b'ne in which three surfaces of discontinuity meet, - 289 



The conditions of stability for fluids relating to the formation of a new phase at a 



point where the vertices of four different masses meet, - 297 



Liquid films, - - 300 



Definition of an element of the film, - - 300 



Each element may generally be regarded as in a state of equilibrium. Pro- 

 perties of an element in such a state and sufficiently thick for its interior to 

 have the properties of matter in mass. Conditions under which an exten- 

 sion of the film will not cause an increase of tension. When the film has 

 more than one component which does not belong to the contiguous masses, 

 extension will in general cause an- increase of tension. Value of the elas- 

 ticity of the film deduced from the fundamental equations of the surfaces 

 and masses. Elasticity manifest to observation, - - 300 



The elasticity of a film does not vanish at the limit at which its interior ceases 

 to have the properties of matter in mass, but a certain kind of instability is 

 developed, - - ' - 305 



Application of the conditions of equilibrium already deduced for a system 



under the influence of gravity (pages 281, 282) to the case of a liquid film, - 305 

 Concerning the formation of liquid films and the processes which lead to their 

 destruction. Black spots in films of soap- water, - - - 307 



