386 EXPEDITION TO POINT P. AH HOW. ALASKA. 



greenish and rose. The magnets were violently disturbed, with great decrease of horizontal force. 

 At 1 a. in. three bauds ran along the SW. from Orion to Aquila at an altitude of about 25. These 

 readied a brightness of 3 at 4.15, and then quickly paled, while the aurora developed from Orion 

 and spread over the eastern sky in broad, sinuous, undulating bands (brightness 1 to 2), which 

 formed a very transient, imperfect corona. This aurora was brightest iu Ursa .Major, and spread 

 over the whole sky at. 4.20. The motion was comparatively slow, and the magnets less disturbed. 

 At 5 there were two quiet greenish bands (brightness 2), one in the NE. through Gemini, Leo 

 Minor, and Coma Berenices, and the other in NW. from Bootes through Hercules and Aquila. At 

 a pale broad band ran from the western to the southern horizon, and at 7 a similar band in the 

 NE. ran from Gemini through I'rsa Major and ended iu Bootes. At 8 there were numerous streaks 

 (brightness 2 to 3) in the NE. moving rapidly westward. No aurora was observed at 0, but at 10 

 there were traces of a pale arch extending from the NNW. to ESE. at an elevation of about 12 

 above the southern horizon. The extremities were lost iu tho haze and cloud which obscured the 

 hori/.on. 



(Mober 21, 18S2. 7 . m. 1o S <>. m. Up to and during the 6 o'clock a. in. observation the sky 

 was clouded over and it was snowing; but at 7 a. in. it was clear, and a stationary yellowish-white 

 band of aurora was observed running from Hercules iu the WNW. through Pegasus to Taurus in 

 the SSK. At the WNW. end there were vertical streamers, vibrating upwards rapidly (bright- 

 ness 2 to 3). At 8 a greenish band without motion crossed the zenith from Bootes through Ursa 

 Minor to Trianguluin (brightness 2 to 3), while at 9 a. in. the same band, somewhat paler (2), passed 

 beyond Triaugulum into the haze on the eastern sky. Magnetic instruments showed no signs of 

 disturbance. 



October 22 and 23, 1882, 10.30 7*. m. to 10.20 a. m. As soon as it was dark enough for an aurora 

 to be seen, a slightly sinuous, narrow, hazy band was observed crossing the zenith from X. to the 

 SE., passing straight up through the middle of the Dipper. In tho twilight it appeared a pale 

 rosy color, and a slight wavy motion was observed (brightness to 1). Next observed at 11.15 in 

 the shape of a broad, waving band from the NNW. to SE., not reaching the horizon at either end, 

 passing through Ursa Major, Draco, and Cygnus (brightness 1), color yellowish. At 12.15 a. in. 

 October 23 it was a narrow arch from tho NW. to SSE. through Vulpecula, Delphiuus, Cygnus, 

 and Lyra to Bootes, with little or no motion (brightness 1). At 1 a. in. a low arch (brightness 2), 

 somewhat tinged with yellow, lay in the SW., taking in about 40 in azimuth and reaching an altitude 

 of about 20 near Aquila:. All the stars on the SW. horizon were obscured by the bright moon- 

 light. This arch had not changed its position when last noticed at 1.20, while at 1.10 an additional 

 hazy, wavy band had developed in the NE., running from Taurus iu the SE. through Auriga to 

 Coma Berenices in thcN. (brightness 1). At 2 a. in. the starting point of the aurora was in Taurus, 

 near the SE. horizon. From this ran a band of streamers to the NNW. through Aries, Pegasus, 

 highest in Cygnus, near ft Cygni, through Lyra and Hercules round to Bootes (brightness 1 to 2), 

 and also bands (brightness 1) across zenith passing through Cassiopeia. From 2.10 to 2.20 the 

 western band became brighter, with considerable motion, and gradually faded, while tho eastern 

 bands, still pale, spread eastward into Auriga, developing a bright patch in Canes Yenatici. Tho 

 magnets were slightly disturbed. At 3 a. m. the western streamers were replaced by a pale (0 to 1) 

 band, and another band equally pale crossed the zenith from the same starting point. At 3.10 to 

 4 an additional sinuous band (1 to 2) developed in the E. from Orion just rising in the SE., through 

 Gemini, Leo Minor, and Canes Venatici to a point in Hootes. now just above the northern horizon. 



From 4 to 1.10 then; was an extensive display, which would have been brilliant had it not been 

 for the moonlight. Stalling from Orion it spread into Taurus, Aries, and Auriga in the shape of 

 twisted forks, one streak crossing the zenith to NNW., with a band nearly in the position of the 

 western band seen at last observation. This latter band had risen about 10 at 4.10. No rapid 

 motion was observed (brightness 2 to 3). The whole was fading rapidly at J.I 7. There was a 

 great magnetic disturbance, the horizontal force falling too low to be read, and the declination 

 rising. At 5 a. m. only one pale (0 to 1) band was visible running from Leo to Uisa Major, re- 

 sembling hazy cirrus cloud. At G a. in. there was a pale, arch over the NE. horizon, and at 8 a. m. 

 another similar arch (brightness about 1). At and 10 a. m. there was simply a trace of aurora 

 in the form of an arch closely resembling the twilight curve, spanning the. southern horizon at an 



