EXPEDITION TO POINT BABKOW, ALASKA. 415 



white, quiet arch from E. to. VV. through Corona Borealis, Cam's Venatici, Ursa Major, Lynx, 

 Gemini, and Canis Minor, and streamers in the E. and NE. (brightness to 1). At 1 p. in. there 

 was a band in the SW. (brightness to 1) from Bootes through Coma Berenices to Leo Minor. 

 This disappeared in a few minutes. There was a slight disturbance at 1 p. in. 



/ unitary 13, 1883, 8 a. m. to 12.17 p. m. There were faint traces of auroral light all round the 

 horizon all the early part of the night, but no definite aurora till the 8 a. in. observation (quarter 

 of 3 a. m., local time). There was then a quiet, yellowish band (brightness to 1) from Taurus 

 through Aurign, Gemini, and Lynx. At 9.17 there was a broad arch, white and quiet (brightness 

 to 1) from the ESE. to the W., with its crown at an altitude of about 20, and a luminous patch 

 .similar in color and brightness in Corona Borealis. At 10.17 the arch had risen to an altitude of 

 35. and faint luminous patches appeared between the arch and the horizon. At the same 

 time there was a semi-corona of long, narrow, quiet streamers (brightness 2) -which reached from 

 the SE. extremity of the arch to Auriga in the W., and from Andromeda to a point near the 

 zenith. This faded in a few minutes, leaving only the arch. At 11.17 a broad, irregular band, 

 formed of patches of white, quiet light extended along the southern horizon from ESE. to \V. 

 There was also a narrow, quiet, white arch (brightness to 1) from the E. to NXW. through Sa- 

 gitta, Vulpecula, Lacerta, Andromeda, Triangulum, Aries, and the Pleiades. From the northern 

 end of the arch streamers extended up through Perseus. At 12.17 p. m. there were three pale 

 white, striated, parallel bands running from the ESE. to the W., the lower, narrow, through 

 Bootes and Coma Berenices; the middle, broad, through Leo Minor and Canes Yenatici to Her- 

 cules, and the upper band from the ESE. through Lyra, Draco, Ursa Major, Leo Minor, and Can- 

 cer. Faint streamers filled the space between the southern horizon and the lower band. There 

 was also a white, quiet, semi-corona (brightness 1) extending from Lyra though Cygnus, Cepheus, 

 < 'assiopc-ia, and Camelopardalis to Ursa Major. This was all gone at 1 p. m. There was a slight 

 disturbance of the magnetic instruments at 11 a. in. and 12 m. 



January 14, 1883, 2.15 a. m. to 1.17 p. m. Faint, indefinite light, probably auroral, was visible 

 in the E., close to the horizon, as soon as the twilight disappeared, but the first definite aurora 

 was noticed at 2.15 a. m. (about 9 p. m. local), having developed since the 2 a. in. observation. It 

 was a rather narrow, arched baud (brightness to 1) in the XE. from the NNW. in Hercules near 

 horizon to the E. by S. in Cancer, through Lyra, Hercules, Draco, Ursa Major, Leo Minor, and 

 Leo (//. Leonis), with a short broader baud shooting up from the NNW. end through Cygnus. At 

 I! a. m. a rather broad sinuous band (brightness 2) extended from the ESE. in Hydra to the NN\V. 

 in Aquila, passing W. of tl/e zenith, through Canis Minor, Gemini, Auriga, Perseus, Andromeda, 

 Lacerta, Cygnus, and Vulpecula. It was fading slightly at 3.15, and had drifted "W., now passing 

 through Monoceros, Canis Minor, Orion, Taurus (sTanri and Pleiades), Aries, Andromeda, Pegasus 

 (jJPegasi), and Dclphiims. At 4 a. in. there was a rather broad zone. The middle portion was 

 the brightest (brightness 2), and was made up of narrow, twisted streaks, and the edges of about 

 the same breadth were paler (brightness 1). The starting points were ESE. in Hydra and NNW. 

 in Pegasus. The eastern edge passed through Leo, Leo Minor, Ursa Major, Ursa Minor, Cepheus, 

 Andromeda, and Pegasus ; the western through Leo, Cancer, Lynx, Auriga, Perseus, Andromeda, 

 and Pegasus. At 4.15 the whole had drifted about 10 westward and was breaking into separate 

 bands and growing paler (brightness 1). At 5 it was reduced to a quiet, yellowish band from 

 Pegasus, through Andromeda, Cassiopeia, Camelopardalis, Ursa Major, Leo Minor, and Leo. At 

 C there was a band in the SW. (brightness to 1), through Pisces, Auriga, Gemini, and Cancer. 

 At 7 a belt of bands (brightness 1) passed through Aries, Taurus, Orion, Gemini, Cancer, Canis 

 Minor, and Hydra. This was reduced at 8 to traces over the southern horizon. At 9 these 

 traces had developed into an arch, spanning the horizon from ESE. to !NNYV., with its crown at 

 an altitude of about 15, white and quiet (brightness to 1). At the same time a broad, irregular 

 arch extended from the ESE., through Corona Borealis, Draco, Cepheus, Cassiopeia, and Perseus, 

 to the Pleiades, in the NXW. It was in rapid whirling and vibratory motion, and at times was 

 tinged with a bright rose color (brightness 4), and lasted but a few moments. At 9.17 there was 

 a very broad arch (brightness to 1) from the ESE. to the NNW., with its corona at an altitude 

 of about lS"->, and fringed on the upper edge with very short pale streamers, and at the same time 

 a white, quiet band ran from the E., through Hercules, Lyra, Cygnus, and Lacerta, to Leo. There 



