EXPEDITION TO POINT BARROW, ALASKA. 429 



1 ,:f the curtains were shifting and turning into bands (brightness 2 to 3). The lowest band begin- 

 ning as a patch of curtains just above Sirins, and Anally formed an arch (2.20), made up of short, 

 ill defined streamers, quivering slightly (brightness 3), rather brightly colored, green, yellow, arid 

 rose, passing just above Sirius and through />' Orionis. The curtains broke partially into streamers 

 and moved up towards the zenith, having developed at 3 a. in. into au elongated corona (bright- 

 ness 1), centering towards the zenith, with its longest diameter NE. and SE., nearly reaching the 

 horizon at these points, the other streamers reaching as low as Arcturus in the XW. and Aide- 

 baran in the SYV. The streamers were uncolored and shifting. For the next half hour there was 

 no definite arrangement of aurora, but the sky was covered with sinuous bands and scattered 

 streamers all constantly changing position and brightness, the bands, as a rule, at right angles to 

 the magnetic meridian, mostly E. of the zenith. At t a. m there were two or three broad shifting 

 bands (brightness 1 to 2) from the SSE. in Virgo, spreading out through Leo and Vrsa ."Major, 

 forming an irregular corona at the zenith about 00 in width, with two paler bands from the saino 

 starting points along the SW. horizon through Canis Minor and Orion, ending in Taurus. X\V. 

 The corona had changed at 4.1,5 into a broad, shifting zone, ending in XW. in Taurus, with consid- 

 erable waving motion in the NW. From 5 to 5.20 there was a broad band of waving curtains in 

 the NE. from Pegasus through Lacerta, Cygmis, Lyra, Hercules, and Corona Borealis (brightness 1. 

 to '2). From (J to (>.2() there were t wo yellowish bands (brightness 1 to 2) in the SW. through Taurus, 

 Orion, Auriga, Gemini, Cancer, Leo, and Coma Berenices. Traces only were observed at the next 

 observation. At s to 8.20 a taint band (brightness to 1) ran from Auriga through Lynx. Ursa 

 ."Major, Canis Venatici, and Bootes, and the last faint traces were seen at 0.17 a. m. There, was 

 considerable disturbance all night. 



February 25 and 2(>, \lAop. m. to 10.20. m. At 11.15 p. m. there was a regular arch in the XE., 

 with its extremities bearing ESE. and NW., with its crown about 40 in altitude (brightness to 

 1), remaining in the same position at32. At 12.15 it was rising in altitude and had become brighter 

 (1 to 2) in the NW., where it was tinged with rose, and sent up rather long streamers. From 1 to 

 1.20 the arch was of the same character, but lower, passing through Hercules, Corona Borealis, 

 and Bootes (above ), ending in Virgo, with streamers in Cygnus (brightness 2 to 3). The arch 

 was shifting, and tinged with green, yellow, and rose. At 2 a. in. there was a rather broad zone 

 (brightness 2), with the starting points NXW. in Pegasus and ESE. in Crater, occupying Leo, 

 Leo Minor, Canes Venatici, Ursa Major, Camelopardalis, Ursa Minor, Cephens, Cassiopeia, and 

 Andromeda. This had drifted west at 2.15, leaving only a faint band in its original position, 

 while the zone now passed through the square, of Pegasus, the Pleiades, Pei sens. Gemini, and 

 Cancer- This began to grow twisted in the E. and developed into curtains which rapidly increased 

 in brightness (brightness 3), showing some color beginning to whirl and spread toward rlie zenith 

 and eastward. When this was reached the motion became very rapid, and the aurora formed a 

 sort of spiral corona, made up of bands of curtains, centering round the zenith and covering nearly 

 the whole sky. This moved last, and in fifteen minutes was reduced to large hazy patches, with 

 bright streaks in the N E. At 3 a. in. there was a short arch (brightness 2 to 3) from the E. low in 

 Bootes to NNW. in Cygnus, through, s and ft Cygni, Hercules, and Corona .Borealis. A second 

 arch appeared above this at 3.15, when both were broken into line streamers, which shifted and 

 developed into homogeneous bauds again before 3.20. At 4 a. m. there were bunches of streamers 

 (brightness 2) in the place of the arch at the last observation, with traces of a very faint zone 

 across the zenith. From 4.15 to 4.20 there were, only traces in the E. and HE., with much diffused 

 luminosity all over the sky. From 5 to 5.20 there were only traces again in the S. No more was 

 seen till 7 a. in., when there was a belt of waving bands through Taurus, Orion, Gemini, Leo, Ursa 

 Major, Canes Venatici, Coma Berenices, and Bootes, from NW. to SE., with a band of strciMin is 

 (brightness 1 to 2) running N. to SE. through Cassiopeia, Cepheus, Cyguns, Lyra, Draco, Hercules, 

 Corona Borealis, and Bootes, vibrating rapidly from W. to E. Traces alone were observed in the SE. 

 from S to S.20. At 10.20 there was a faint white arch across the zenith from the SK. to XW. There 

 was no marked disturbance of the needle till 1 p. m., when it was violent, but of short duration. 



February 27, 1S.S:S, 12.15 a. m. to 10.17 p. m. The weather cleared between 12 and 1 a. m.. dis- 

 closing an arch (brightness 1 to 2), partly obscured by clouds in the NE.. passing through Arcturus 

 and n Coroiuc Borealis, with streamers beginning to develop at 1.20 in and above. Cygnus. At 2 



