24 BEPORT OF THE No. 55 



showing, especially as practically all the city's supply comes direct from the farm 

 to the consumer. Dr. Tamlin visits each dairy farm twice a year and sometimes 

 more frequently. He looks over the herd as to general healthfulness, but does not 

 attempt the tuberculin test. If a cow is obviously diseased, however, he has it dis- 

 posed of. Thus during the year he inspects 2,500 cattle. Dr. Tamlin only devotes 

 a portion of his time to the work and is remunerated at the rate of $100 per year. 

 The plan has now been in operation for five years and we found many indications 

 that it was working satisfactorily. Practically all the milk used in the city is sold 

 at six cents a quart and delivered from cans, few bottles being used. 



Dr. Hutchinson expressed the following views: 



"No person should be allowed to sell milk without a license from the Board 

 of Health and the license revoked if unclean or adulterated. All milk should be 

 sterilized or pasteurized. Strict enforcement of cleanliness is the best plan to 

 get a clean raw milk supply at moderate cost." 



BRANTFORD. 



Brantford's milk by-law, passed in 1905, follows very closely the lines laid down 

 by the provincial statutes. Every person vending milk must get a certificate from 

 the local Board of Health of the municipality in which he resides, and upon pre- 

 sentation of this certificate and a one dollar fee the city must grant a license. 

 Hence, the city's sanitary inspector inspects the premises, chiefly distributing 

 plants, within the city limits 1 , while the township inspector inspects the barns, and 

 on the strength of this inspection the license is granted. Dr. Pearson, Medical 

 Health Officer, stated that before the amendment of 1900, the city made inspections 

 at the source of supply, and conditions were much better then than now. 



Brantford's supply averages 4,438 quarts per day and comes from sixty-four 

 dairies a very large number for a city of Brantford's 1 population. Another feature 

 of the Brantford supply is that comparatively few farmers retail themselves, pre- 

 ferring to sell it wholesale to retailers in the city. Very little is 1 delivered in 

 bottles. Samples are taken on the street each month from the wagons, and tests 

 made as to butter fat. The results are published in the press at intervals, and this 

 method is considered more effective in keeping the average up to 3.5 than frequent 

 court fines would be. A few years ago a very general use of formalin in the milk 

 was discovered, but prompt steps were taken by the health authorities, and there 

 has been no trouble since from this score. During the past summer the Board 

 engaged A. B. Cutcliffe, V.S., to make a detailed inspection of the source of sup- 

 ply. He was accompanied by James Head, township inspector, and made a brief 

 report on every stable visited, noting the ventilation, water supply, healthfulness, 

 cleanliness, etc. He found that ventilation was general through stairways and 

 openings to barns above and through silos, and he recommended that a liberal use 

 of whitewash in the stables and the clipping of the 'hairs from the quarters and 

 udders would greatly add to cleanliness in handling milk. 



GUELPH. 



On November 8th last, Guelph Council passed a new milk by-law following 

 closely the authority given in the Public Health, Municipal and other Acts. It 

 provides for the licensing of all who sell or supply milk for sale in the city, said 

 license to be granted upon the production of a certificate signed by the Secretary 

 of the local Board of Health in the municipality in which he resides. This comes 



