19O9 MILK COMMISSION. 31 



Yes. A mixed grade ought to give 3.5 butter fat and solids in proportion for 

 domestic use. 



What are your views on pasteurization? 



I have had no experience. 



Has the tuberculin test ever been attempted in your district, or do you think 

 tuberculosis is very prevalent among dairy cattle? 



May have been in isolated cases. I do not think it is very prevalent in this 

 section. 



What do you think is the best plan to get a clean raw milk supply at moderate 

 cost? 



Every municipality ought to appoint a competent veterinary surgeon to ex- 

 amine the herds, byres, approaches to byres, cooling houses and water supply at least 

 twice during the year and report to the Board of Health his finding. Said report 

 may be forwarded to Government authorities'. I think if such a course was pur- 

 sued, our larger cities would have a better supply of milk. 



BELLEVILLE. 



Publicity has been found a valuable agency in Belleville. The results of in- 

 spections and tests have been published in the local papers. The city consumes 

 about 5,000 quarts per day, and pays from five to seven cents a quart. The milk is 

 delivered by the farmer to the city vendor, who in turn delivers it to the consumer 

 either in bottles or in bulk. No inspections are made outside the city. An effort is 

 made to secure milk which will test 3.5 butter fat and any vendor selling milk be- 

 low this standard is warned. 



Dr. Horace A. Yeomans, Medical Health Officer, expressed the following views 

 in answer to questions : 



" We think the standard of butter fat and total solids should be insisted on 

 and is desirable in the interests of the general public, as without these we have no 

 convenient and practical means of determining the purity of the milk. 



"The tuberculin test has never been employed in this district, and as far as 

 our observation would go has not been required, as we have had little trouble 

 with tubercular cattle. 



" Our opinion is that the Ontario Legislature should enact such laws as would 

 place it within the power of each municipality to insist on a proper and pure supply 

 of milk, and to severely punish a vendor for supplying an impure article. 



" Our experience has been that the carelessness in collecting the supply on the 

 various farms is more to blame than in subsequent adulteration. 



" We know that milkers do not prepare themselves in any way before milking 

 the cows, and it is a common thing to see men moisten their hands by spitting on 

 them before beginning to milk the cow. This, of course, must give rise to sources 

 of infection and must produce nothing like a pure milk supply. 



" As to pasteurization, we have never practically advocated this, as our milk 

 supply reaches the city within a few hours after being taken from the cows." 



PETERBOROUGH. 



Aside from the making of tests to determine the contents of butter fat and total 

 solids, little practical supervision has been exercised over the milk supply of Peter- 

 borough. Provision for taking samples for this purpose and for licensing under 

 the terms of the Ontario Statutes are points dealt with in the by-law passed in 1906. 



