19O9 MILK COMMISSION. 77 



farmer's milk is analyzed twice a day, evening and morning milk alternately. The 

 milk is also tested for temperature. A variation of three degree! from the mean 

 is allowed. Any exceeding this amount are investigated as to the causes. Thus, on 

 a certain day, most of the samples' stood at 46, 47, 48 degrees F. Two, however, 

 were at 59 to 60. These were at once investigated to determine the cause and the 

 senders were notified and instructions given to prevent further trouble. During a 

 hot day in August (the llth), a variation of 64 to 74 degrees was found on an 

 examination of the records. On August 20th, the day of my visit, the evening milk 

 of the 19th received on the morning of the 20th varied from 60 to 63 degrees F. 

 The afternoon milk varied from 60 to 66 degrees F. 



There are no instructions whatever as to feeding, no recommendations, no 

 prohibitions*. Should the milk fall below the standard, the sender would be notified. 

 Should any undesirable flavor or odor be found, the matter would at once be in- 

 vestigated and the farmer would be notified. He would either have to change his 

 feeding or have his milk rejected and contract cancelled. 



The matter of health, however, is of paramount importance health of the 

 animals of the herd, health of the persons on the farm and health of persons to 

 whom milk is delivered, that is, of the customers. 



First as to health of herd. Mr. Hattersley went over a large number of veter- 

 inary reports. In 1905, out of 32,588 cows examined, from 2,193 in September to 

 3,148 in November, four were temporarily withdrawn, one was tested and did not 

 react, one was tested and turned out of stock and 16 were turned out of stock on 

 the Veterinary's report without testing. In 1908, out of 35,062 examined, being an 

 average of 2,922 per month, 38 were condemned, 12 suffering from cowpox, 10 

 turned out without testing, 12 temporarily withdrawn and four tested reacted and 

 turned out of stock. 



As to the health of the persons living on the farm reports are received at 

 the head office by letter, telegraph or telephone; instructions are to notify at once 

 and the company will bear the expense. I took the following from the Infectious 

 Diseases Book of the Company showing the cost to the Company: 



1899 .. 92 7 7 1904 .. . 95 

 1900 57 4 1908 306 8 9 



In 1908, scarlet fever broke out in the home of a producer. His milk was 1 at once 

 ordered to be withheld until the Medical Health Officer reported* a clean bill of 

 health. This one case cost the Company 161 6s. 7d., of which 148 10s. 8d. was 

 the value of the milk- not delivered to the Company. 



Strict precautions are also taken in regard to health of consumers. Immedi- 

 ately upon receipt of report of a Medical Health Officer the regular delivery of 

 milk ceases, and special delivery is provided, the return bottles being cleaned and dis- 

 infected separately from the others. No extra charge is made for this. What 

 strikes one is the extreme care that is taken in regard to all sanitary aspects of 

 the business. Every precaution possible seems to be taken to provide that the milk 

 supplied to every consumer shall be clean, wholesome and safe from a hygienic 

 standpoint. There are six Medical Officers and two Veterinary Surgeons in Lon- 

 don who are in regular communication with the Company and 23 Medical Officers 

 and 13 Veterinary Surgeons who report as to the farms. 



