19O9 MILK COMMISSION. 85 



closures; if the cows are fed on distillery waste or other substances' in a state of 

 putrefaction; milk to which has been added borax, boracic acid, salicylic acid or 

 other substance which prevents or tends to prevent normal bacterial action. A 

 State dairy, food and sanitary inspector is employed to enforce this and other food 

 laws, and is given full inspectorial powers. 



MAINE. 



In the State of Maine the Commi&'sioner of Agriculture is authorized to in- 

 vestigate the production, manufacture, transportation, storage and sale of milk, 

 cream, butter or other dairy product; to take samples and have the same analyzed. 

 He is also authorized to publish in regular or special bulletins the results of such 

 analyses, giving names of persons from whom samples were obtained, together with 

 any suggestions he may deem advisable. Once a month at discretion he may dis- 

 tribute the result of these analyses to the newspapers of the State. All milk dealers 

 must make State registration and receive a State certificate. Selling milk from an 

 animal known to have tuberculosis is punis'hable by a fine of from $5 to $50. Who- 

 ever sells milk from cows known to be diseased, or kept in a filthy or unsanitary 

 condition, or milk to which water or any foreign substance has been added or from 

 which any cream has been taken, or milk in cans or other utensils that are not kept 

 clean and sanitary, is liable to a fine of $50 for the first and $100 for the second 

 offence. When milk is found to contain over 88 1-4 per cent, water, or less than 

 8 1-2 per cent, solids other than fat, it shall be deemed prima facie evidence that 

 said milk has been watered, and when milk is found to contain les's than 3 1-4 per 

 cent, fat and 11 3-4 per cent, of solids, it shall be deemed prima facie evidence that 

 cream has been extracted ; in either case a fine of $50 may be imposed. Protection 

 is given to the owners of bottles, cans, jugs or jars used in the handling of milk 

 or cream by providing that the name of the owner and the word "registered'' may 

 be blown in and then registered in the office of the City Clerk and State Secretary 

 and advertised in the local paper for four weeks. It shall be unlawful to detain, 

 mutilate or put any foul or unclean material into such milk can, jug, bottle or 

 jar. Townl and cities' of 3,000 or more inhabitants and other towns on the appli- 

 cation of ten voters may appoint a milk inspector. 



VIRGINIA. 



On June 1, 1908, Virginia State installed a Dairy and Food Commissioner. 

 He was given supervision of all foodstuffs. He was directed to foster and encourage 

 the dairy interests of the State and to cause instruction to be given in creameries, 

 cheese factories, farm dairies, etc. He was directed where impure milk or cream 

 was' produced owing to improper handling or unsanitary conditions or surround- 

 ings, to warn such persons that unless they corrected such conditions they were 

 liable to a fine of from $10 to $50 and imprisonment. A systematic inspection 

 of dairies was undertaken all over the State. Preliminary reports showed that 

 dairies operating under inspection of the cities showed up very well, whereas those 

 operating with little or no supervision were in an unsatisfactory condition. Steps 

 were at once taken to bring all dairies up to a good standard. It was found that much 

 interest was shown by dairymen in the sanitar}' production, of milk and feeding 

 and care of their herds, and the inspectors were instructed to give special atten- 

 tion to the educational feature of their work. In drawing up his 1 rules and regu- 

 lations the Commissioner included dairies along with all other places in which 



