10O9 MILK COMMISSION. 113 



CHAPTER IX. 



Being Conclusions and Recommendations laying down Clean 

 Milk, Promptly Chilled, from Healthy Herds as the Ideal for 

 the Province and Urging Co-operation in Working for its 

 Achievement. 



In the foregoing pages we have endeavoured to set forth the importance of 

 the milk question from the financial standpoint and from the more important 

 viewpoint of public health. We have recorded in concise form the nature and 

 working of present provincial and municipal legislation on the subject, and have 

 sought to give some idea of conditions which prevail under such legislation. Side 

 by side with Ontario legislation and experience, we have placed something of the 

 legislation and experience in cities and states of other countries. As an import- 

 ant phase of the general problem, we have presented the relationship of impure 

 milk to infantile mortality and have brought to the attention of Ontario the story 

 of the splendid efforts which have reduced this mortality in other places, with a view 

 to showing the need for similar efforts in this Province. From every side we have 

 sought and welcomed, and to some extent set forth, opinions on all phases of this 

 many-sided question. Having regard therefore to all these facts, we beg to res- 

 pectfully submit the following conclusions and recommendations : 



That the present laws governing the production, care and distribu- 

 tion of milk for human consumption are cumbersome and ineffective and 

 should be consolidated and amplified. 



That the general principles governing the production, care and dis- 

 tribution of milk for human consumption should be fixed by the Legisla- 

 ture. 



That inasmuch as the administration of such laws is and must re- 

 main in the hands of the municipalities, such amplification should be in the 

 direction of giving municipal authorities larger powers of licensing and 

 supervision. 



That a general definition of adulteration should be adopted, but that 

 municipalities should be given power to fix a standard of food value, said 

 standard to be not less than three per cent, butter fat and twelve per cent, 

 solids. 



That in the interests of public health and common decency more at- 

 tention should be paid to the cleanliness of stables and healthfulness of 

 cattle, and to this end the consuming municipalities should be empowered 

 to make inspections at the sources of supply and be urged to appoint vet- 

 erinarians to act in conjunction with the medical health officer. 



That with a view to lessening the alarming infantile mortality in the 

 Province, municipalities should be empowered to establish and maintain 

 or assist in the establishment and maintenance of infants' milk supply 

 depots. 



That firm measures should be taken to combat the ravages of tuber- 

 culosis, which constitutes a serious menace both to the bovine and human 

 species; and that as an initial step, along with an educational campaign, 

 all cows suffering from tuberculosis of the udder or showing clinical or phy- 



