114 REPORT OF THE No. 55 



sical evidences of the disease., or whose milk is shown by bacteriological or 



microscopical examination to contain tubercle bacilli,, should be promptly 



removed from dairy herds. 



That pasteurization is not a provincial ideal, but may be a munici- 

 pal expedient if carried out in accordance with proper scientific regulations. 

 That in cities of over 50,000 population no milk should be sold in 



shops except in bottles or other sealed packages. 



That cans, bottles or other utensils' used in handling milk should be 



used for no other purpose and should be promptly rinsed by the consumer 



on being emptied. 



That producer, distributor and consumer should alike be educated 



to the importance of cleanliness in handling milk and to the value of 



prompt chilling and keeping in a cold place. 



Before giving in detail reasons in support of the points and principles in- 

 volved in the recommendations above outlined, we beg to say that we believe them 

 to constitute a simple, practical and workable solution of the question. Eealizing 

 that all reforms are matters of evolution, we have avoided the path of the extrem- 

 ist. We have refrained from the not uncommon device of painting a dark and 

 horrifying picture in order to shock public opinion to interest and action. The 

 subject we conceive to be rather one for hearty co-operation than hysterics. Ac- 

 cordingly, we have approached it with a clearness of vision unbefogged by fads, 

 an openness of mind untainted by prejudices, a singleness of purpose concerned 

 only for the safety of our people and the ultimate credit of our Province. In the 

 working out of the problem many important interests are vitally concerned. We 

 have sought not to place any one interest on a vantage ground from which to war 

 on any other interest, but rather to arrive at a common basis on which all interests 

 dairyman and health authority, sanitarian and bacteriologist, distributor and re- 

 tailer, producer and consumer : may unite for the advantage of all. A higher 

 standard of cleanliness and care must be the ideal of future work and legislation, 

 and co-operation is the only means by which it can be attained. 



SHOULD BE ONE PLAIN PROVINCIAL LAW. 



In affirming that the present law with respect to milk for human consumption 

 is cumbersome and ineffective, attention is directed to the fact that the various 

 clauses dealing with the matter are scattered over several different statutes, whereas 

 the law governing milk for manufacturing purposes is comprised in one clear and 

 concise Act. Furthermore, it is ineffective because it is difficult, if not impossible, 

 to enforce either inspection or the clause against adulteration. While the health 

 officer may make inspections at the source of supply, he cannot enforce improve- 

 ments without the concurrence of the health officer of the township in which the 

 dairyman is located. As the township health officer, generally speaking, has no 

 special interest in the matter and is not paid for the extra demands that would be 

 made on his time, the working of this law is farcical. Although, as seen in pre- 

 ceding pages, many municipalities have inspection clauses in their by-laws, the en- 

 forcement, with rare exceptions has been confined to vendors within the city limits' 

 or has been extended to the farm in a purely perfunctory manner. Doubtless ow- 

 ing largely to the confusing multiplicity of clauses, no attempt has been made to 

 take advantage of the Act of 1908, enabling the Minister of Agriculture to appoint 

 an inspector to visit the farms supplying cities. No further proof is needed that 

 this phase of the law as it stands at present is cumbersome and ineffective. 



