1898-1902. No. 36.] SUMMARY OF GEOLOGICAL RESULTS. 19 



,,After the various formations spoken of were laid down in horizontal 

 strata, those regions were subjected to disturbances of a radical character. 

 The horizontal strata were folded by lateral pressure, which gave rise to 

 a system of vertical fissures, whereby the Earth's surface became divided 

 into a number of small plateau-like areas, some of which, relatively to 

 their surroundings, have subsided, while others have been uplifted. Hence, 

 it has come about that, while the sea has again overflowed some of 

 them, others are in part elevated above it, as in Ellesmere Land, Hei- 

 berg Land, Ringnes Land, etc. Thus the small plateaus nearest the sea 

 in, for example, Turn-again Fjord and the interior of Bay's Fjord, in the 

 vicinity of the great Archaean tableland (horst) of Ellesmere Land, have 



E x^5 W 



i River 

 i 



Pre-Cambrian Cambrian or Or- 

 dovician limestone 



Fig. 2. Sketch showing a sunk bit of land in the Twin Glacier Valley, on the south 

 side of Buchanan Bay. From SCHEI'S diary. 



again become suspended. The tektonic movements would seem to have 

 concentrated their energy in the immediate vicinity of Eureka Sound. In 

 both places the plateaus are relatively small, and the effects of the distur- 

 bance correspondingly more evident. The dip of the strata is often 50 

 to 60. The circumstance, already alluded to, that there is a great 

 developement of intrusive rocks along the line of Eureka Sound, is no 

 doubt connected with the fact that that same line was the scene of the 

 greatest disturbances. The subsidence has spread outwards from the 

 neighbourhood of the great Archaean tableland; consequently, the dip in 

 Hayes Sound and the western part of Jones Sound is towards the north- 

 north-west. In Bear Gape Land and beside Eureka Sound, it is just as 

 pronounced towards the south-south-east, but without actual folding. The 

 nearest folding is met with on the north side of Greely Fjord. Other 

 foldings were observed, with a north-east and south-west axis, in the 

 Triassic limestones, shales, and sandstones which mark the westward 

 continuation of the coast of Grinnell Land. But the plication is nowhere 

 strongly marked, and disappears towards Lands Look. Although we 

 know that it is met with in Robeson Channel 1 , it does not appear to 

 extend across to Heiberg Land. It is possible that Black Gape, Cape 



1 See H. V. FEILDEN and DE RANGE, H Geology of the Coast of the Arctic Lands", 

 in Quarterly Journal, etc., vol. XXXIV. p. 556 (London, 1878). 



