38 



FREDR1K 1NGVARSON. [SEC. ARCT. EXP. FRAM 



Das Gebiet am Ausflusse des Mackenzie-Flusses aus dem Grossen 



Sklaven-See *. 



,,This spot may be considered as the commencement of Mackenzie- 

 River. The ground is very swampy, and nourishes willows only; but 

 inland, at a short distance from the beach, grow plenty of the spruce- 

 fir, poplar, aspen, and birch-trees. " 



Das Gebiet um den Great Bear Lake 2 . 



w As has been already said, the general aspect of the 

 forest does not alter in the descent of the Mackenzie 3 . The 

 white spruce continues to be the chief tree. In this quarter it attains 

 a girth of four or five feet, and a height of about sixty in a growth 

 of from two to three hundred years, as shown by the annual layers of 

 wood. One tree, cut down in a sheltered valley near Clark's Hill, 

 measured the unusual length of one hundred and twenty-two feet, but 

 was comparatively slender. Most of the timber is twisted, particularly 

 where the trees grow in exposed situations. The Banksian pine was 

 not traced to the north of Great Bear Lake River; but the black spruce, 

 in a stunted form, is found on the borders of svamps as far as the 

 woods extend. The dog-wood, silvery oleaster (Elceagnus argentea], 

 Shcpherdia, and Amelanchier grow on banks that in Europe would 

 be covered with gorse and broom, and the southern Salix Candida is 

 replaced by the more luxuriant and much handsomer Salix speciosa, 

 which is the prince of the willow family. " 



Point Separation an der Deltamtindung '. 



rtThe banks of the River here, and the numerous islands, are well 

 wooded. The balsam poplars rise to the height of twenty feet, and the 

 white spruce to forty or fifty." 



An der Baumgrenze zwischen Harrison Island und Reindeer-Hills >. 



The valleys and borders of the river are well wooded, but the 

 summits of the eminences present only scattered spruce firs, with stunted 

 tops and widely spreading, depressed lower branches. The Canoe-birch 



1 FRANKLIN, Narrative of a Second Expedition to the shores of the Polar Sea in 

 the years 1825, 1826, 1829, p. 12. 



2 RlCHARDSSON, 1. C. p. 199, Vol. I. 



3 Vom Verf. gesperrt. 



4 RICHARDSSON, 1. c. p. 227, Vol. I. 



1. c. p. 231, Vol. I. 



