YIVIPAIUJXE. 83 



Family VIVIPAKID.E. 



Subfamily VIVIPARIN^. 



Shell turbinate, subperforate or imperforate ; whorls more or 

 less convex ; operculuui horny, concentric with excentric sublateral 

 nucleus placed near the inner margin. 



Distribution. Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, and N. America. 



Genus VIVIPARA. 



Vivipara, de Montfort, Conch. Syst. ii, 1810, p. 247, as Vioiparus, 

 emend. Dupuy, Hist. nat. des Moll. . . . qui vivent eu France, 

 1851, p. 534. 



Paludina, auct. 



V. ftuviorum, de Montf. (vivipara, Linn.); Europe. 



Range. Europe; Asia; Africa; Australia; X. America. 



Shell conoidal, rather thin, with obtuse apex ; whorls convex ; 

 labrum not sinuous; operculum horny with sublateral nucleus. 



Animal having the tout moderately large; tentacles loug ; right 

 cervical lobe very large arid bent back to form a groove ; teeth ot 

 the radula finely crenellated on their reflexed margin. 



167. Vivipara bengalensis (Lamarck). 



Vivipara bengalensis (Lamarck), Aniiii. s. Vert. (ed. Desh.), viii, 



p. 513; Deles. Rec. Coq., Lam. pi. 31, fig. 2 (as Paludina) ; 



Reeve, Con. Icon., Paludina, sp. 5 ; Kiister, ed. Chemn., Paludina, 



tigs. 15, 16. 



Paludina elonyata, Swains. Zool. 111. ser. 1, pi. 98, top. 

 Paludina lineata, Valenc. in Humb. & Bonpl. Voy., Zuol. ii, p. 2-55 ; 



II. & T., C. I. pi. 76, figs. 8, 9, 10. 



Original description: Testa ventricosa, ovato-acuta, tenui, 

 virescente, transversim f'usco-lineata ; striis exilissiinis decussatis ; 

 spira conica ; anfractibus septenis, convexis. 



To supplement the above, Reeve's description is given below. 



Shell elevatedly conical, thin, greenish, shining lineated and 

 narrowly banded with dark-green ; whorls convex, smooth, very 

 minutely decussately striated. 



Alt. 38, diam. 24 mm. (fig. 5 a in Conch. Icon.). 



Alt. 44, diam. 29'5 mm. (fig. 5 b in Conch. Icon.). 



Hab. North- West Provinces of Hindostan. 



A shining pale-green shell, banded and lineated throughout 

 with dark green, sometimes turning to rusty-brown. The surface 

 is very minutely engraved with impressed spiral striae, decussating 

 slightly-raised longitudinal striae, which are striae of growth. 



Var. balteata (Benson), J. A. S. B. 1836, pt, 2, p. 745 ; Nevill, 

 Hand List, pt. 2, p. 21. 



Ha 1 ). Silcliar, etc. ; Cachar. 



G2 



