91 



uvula on the hind side runs very evidently downwards, 

 but not beneath the margin of the soft palate. This 

 palate appears, however, more capable than in other 

 animals of being contracted." 



In other two orangs " there was merely one single 

 sack, having two air tubes, which united themselves 

 with the two splits." This, he thinks, had been for- 

 merly two, " but that the two sacks were gone over 

 into one." 



In one of the animals, " the bottom (of the sack) rose 

 nearly to the end of the breast bone, and was partly 

 covered by the breast muscles ; the sack rose upwards 

 above the clavicular bones, and with the appendages 

 still more backward, so that this sack penetrated on 

 each side deep under the monk's-hood muscles, as far 

 as behind upon the shoulder blades." 



Camper is of opinion, that this sack increases in size 

 with the age of the animal ; and that the frequent ex- 

 pansion by the air, is the cause of the increase. 



" The orang can, in the mean time, voluntarily 

 swell up these sacks, or this united sack, whenever it 

 tries or attempts to press the strongly inhaled air out- 

 wards, and presses then the epiglottis towards the 

 openings of the larynx, or bends it only a little. It 

 can also empty them at pleasure by means of the 

 broad muscles of the neck, by those of the breast, and 

 by the cuculares, or monk's-hood muscles." 



In the black orang, according to Dr Trail, the os 

 hyoides differed from that of man, in being anteriorly 



