498 THE SOVEREIGNTY OF THE SEA 



duce it, until a warrant issued by Lord Clifford compelled 

 him to give it up. 1 



The second work was published in 1673, and Stubbe did 

 all that he promised to do, copiously illustrating it with 

 figures of the objectionable medals and pictures, and greatly 

 abusing the Dutch. 2 



But all such efforts to stir up animosity against the Dutch 

 and to convince the public and Parliament of the justness of 

 the war completely failed, and Charles was forced to enter 

 into negotiations for peace. Immediately after the battle 

 of the Texel, in August 1673, a congress of the Powers which 

 had assembled at Cologne began its deliberations to arrange 

 terms of peace, under the mediation of Sweden. The English 

 plenipotentiaries were Sir Leoline Jenkins and Sir Joseph 

 Williamson, and the instructions given to them by Charles 

 included the following : " The principal points we shall insist 

 upon," said the king, "beyond the particular ones relating 

 to general amity, commerce, &c., are these following: First, 

 To have the honour for the future paid to the flagg of England, 

 which hath been practised and acknowledged by them in all 

 former times. Secondly, A million of pounds sterling to re- 

 imburse us in some part the expenses we have been at in 

 making the war. Thirdly, Ten thousand pounds per annum 

 as an honorary acknowledgment for the great benefit that 

 Republic reaps for the fishing on our coasts, and two thousand 

 pounds more for the like liberty they enjoy upon the coast 

 of our kingdom of Scotland." 3 



1 Benson to Williamson, 28th June, 9th July 1672. Stubbe to Williamson, 8th 

 July. State Papers, Dorn., cccxii. 45, 166, 184. The warrant was to Mr Thurloe 

 and Mr Bish of Lincoln's Inn. Stubbe made considerable use of the book, citing 

 it as " MSS. Commentary of the Treaty and Articles betwixt the English and the 

 Dutch in 1653." 



' 2 A Further Justification of the Present War against the United Netherlands, 

 illustrated with several Sculptures. By Henry Stubbe, a lover of the Honour and 

 Welfare of Old England, &c., 1673. Unfortunately for Stubbe, he tried his hand 

 on another line, and was arrested and imprisoned in the same year for denouncing, 

 in his " Paris Gazette," the Duke of York's marriage with Princess Mary of Modena. 



3 Life of Sir Leoline Jenkins, i. 3. For the use of the plenipotentiaries a volume 

 of transcripts of documents, mostly State Papers, and chiefly in the handwriting 

 of Williamson's clerks, was prepared, dealing with the claims to the sovereignty of 

 the sea in its various phases. It comprised 613 folio pages, and forms volume 

 339 of the Domestic series of Charles II. There is a long memorandum in regard 

 to the striking of the flag, consisting for the most part of brief paragraphs reciting 



