Memorials of Linnteus 



PLANTS FROM LINN^EUS'S HERBARIUM 



Species of Carduus (Thistle) illustrating Linnaeus's method 

 of conserving plants, which he thus describes. " Each species 

 I have glued with isinglass on half a sheet of paper, and all the 

 half-sheets that belong to one genus I have put up in a whole 

 sheet of paper, and on the whole sheet I have written the name 

 of the Genus [Carduus]^ and on the half-sheet the name of the 

 Species \lanceolatus^ nutans, &c.]. All these whole sheets, or 

 Genera, I have arranged according to the Orders and Classes." 

 (Extract from Diary.) 



The number written before the specific name is the 

 number of the species in Linnaeus's Species Plantarum (1753), a 

 systematic account of all the species of plants then known, 

 according to which the herbarium is arranged. The letters 

 H U on the last specimen, just beneath the stem, stand for 

 Hortus Upsaliensis, and indicate that the plant was grown in 

 the Upsala Botanic Garden. The pencil notes on the two 

 middle sheets are by Sir James Edward Smith. 



SECOND CASE 



1 FISHES FROM LINN^US'S COLLECTION. These consist of 

 skins pasted upon paper. The specimens shown are Eel, 

 Loach, Trout, Crucian Carp, Pike, Nase, Chub, Bream and 

 Perch. 



2 ARTIFICIAL PEARLS FROM LINN^US'S COLLECTION. 

 Linnaeus experimented on the formation of pearls artificially in 

 a fresh-water mussel, Unto margaritlfer^ a specimen of which is 

 shown, together with some of the pearls produced. Linnaeus's 

 method was to make a very small hole in the shell and insert a 

 little round fragment of limestone fixed on the end of a fine 

 silver wire ; the fragment formed a nucleus which was slowly 

 covered by lamellae of calcareous matter deposited by the 

 mollusc and thus formed the pearl. The pearls produced were 

 examined by the Crown Jeweller and declared to be in every 

 way as good as those formed naturally, and a " Secret Com- 



ii 



