NOXCOXTAGIOUS DISEASES OF THE OBGAXS OF RESPIRATION. 107 



Treatment. Give the same general care as recommended iu bron- 

 chitis or pneumonia. In the early stages give a febrifuge to reduce the 

 fever, as directed for pneumonia. For relief of the cough give electuary 

 formula, which will be found in the treatment of laryngitis. The bowels 

 must be kept relaxed and the kidneys secreting freely. In the stage of 

 effusion give the following three times daily : Digitalis tinct., 1 ounce : 

 iodide of potassium, 30 to 60 grains j mix. Apply strong counterirritant 

 to chest and put setou in dewlap. (See Setouing, p. 308.) If collapse 

 of the lung is threatened a surgical operation is sometimes performed, 

 termed paracentesis thoracis. which consists in puncturing the chest 

 cavity and drawing off a part of the fluid. The instruments used 

 a iv a small trocar and cannla, which are introduced between the eighth 

 and ninth ribs. Draw the skin forward so that the external wound 

 may not correspond with the puncture of the chest, to prevent the en- 

 trance of air. Only a portion of the fluid should be removed. The 

 animal gets immediate relief, but it is generally only temporary, as 

 there is a tendency for the fluid to accumulate again. 



FMKUXOHIA. 



This is an inflammation of the lung substance. It is divided into three 

 diftVrent forms, viz: First, croupousj second, eatarrlial; and third, in- 

 itial pneumonia. But these various forms can only be differen- 

 tiated by the expert, and I therefore deein it necessary for the purposes 

 of the present work to treat the subject under the general head of 

 pneumonia. 



The causes of pneumonia in general are the same as those of the 

 various other inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract. It mostly 

 follows congestion of the lungs, but may in rare cases have a parasitic 

 origin. 



Symptoms. In the first stage, that of congestion, the disease is 

 usually ushered in by a chill, although this may not always be observed 

 Ity the attendant. This is followed by an elevation of temperature, 

 usually 105 to 106 F., or it may be even higher. The respirations are 

 iuick and shallow; the nostrils are dilated; the pulse is full and hard. 

 < 'oiigh may or may not appear in this stage. The nose is hot and dry; 

 the tongue sometimes protrudes and is slimy: the coat is staring, and 

 the .-Kin dry and harsh. The urine is usually diminished in quantity, 

 high colored, and the bowels constipated. The animal stands with the 

 lore-legs wide apart to facilitate respiration. On auscultation crepita- 

 tion will be observed over the portion of the lung affected. The sounds 

 elicited on percussion are practically normal in this stage. 



In the second stage the temperature generally drops one or two de- 



S and respiration is j>erformed with much difficulty. The cough is 



tie<|iicntand painful. The animal still stands with the forelegs wide 



apart and the elbows turned outwards. If it assumes the reonml>ent 



position it rests ou the sternum. All *><>retions are more or less BUS- 



