126 DISEASES OF CATTLE. 



the reader is referred to the articles on those subjects, under their 

 proper heads. (See p. 31.) 



There are instances when cows will persist in lying down (in spite of 

 all efforts that are made to compel them to stand up), when it can not 

 really be said that they are paralyzed. They have sensation in all 

 parts 5 they can move all their feet; they can change their position; 

 and in fact every function seems to be normally performed, but they 

 obstinately refuse to rise, or even make an effort to do so. Cases of 

 this kind have been slaughtered, as it was an utter impossibility to get 

 the animal on its feet. However, there are instances when a cow after 

 refusing to rise when all other means had been tried, quickly jumped 

 to her feet and showed fright when her inveterate enemy, a dog, was 

 induced to torment her. 



Hemiplegia, or paralysis of one side of the body, is a rare affection in 

 cattle. Prof. Williams records a case in his " Veterinary Medicine " 

 as follows : 



In the case of the cow the attack was of an acute kind. The animal was grazing 

 in a field with a lot of others, and was left quite well at milking time in the morn- 

 ing. The field being some distance from the house it was not seen again before 

 evening. It was then found prostrate on the ground, lying upon its left side, and 

 was unable to rise. When I saw it I observed the following symptoms : The left ear 

 was pendulous, left eyelid drooping and closed, the eye squinted outwards. The 

 left cheek hung down, the angle of the mouth was lower than on the opposite side, 

 the muscles were loose and flaccid, and the lips drawn to the right side. The tongue 

 protruded, and when put into the mouth was drawn to the right side. The neck 

 was twisted and the head drawn to the left side. Deglutition was imperfect, but 

 the breathing was not especially affected. The superficial blood-vessels of the right 

 side "were engorged with blood, and stood out prominently all over the trunk and 

 neck. The same side was warm, whilst the opposite side was cold, and the hair was 

 pin-feathered. In endeavoring to place the animal on a hurdle for the purpose of 

 removing it to a shed it was observed that it rolled over from the left to the right 

 side, on which side only could it be made to lie. The bowels were constipated and 

 the belly tympanitic, the sphincter ani was rather relaxed, the vulva flaccid, and the 

 vagina protruding. The animal was quite conscious, but inclined to somnolency. 

 It was bled, a purgative administered, and the back was fomented and dressed with 

 a strong ammonia liniment. On the following morning it was able to rise, but both 

 the legs of the right side remained partially paralyzed for some weeks. The affec- 

 tion of the face, however, passed away during the first night, and it was able to par- 

 take of food on the following morning. 



The foregoing quotation so fully describes hemiplegia that it is un- 

 necessary to add any more to it, unless it is to say that, should the 

 reader have a cow with a similar attack, the treatment is about the 

 same as described for paraplegia. 



TETANUS LOCKJAW. 



Cattle are subject to tetanus, but it is a comparatively rare affection 

 among this class of animals. The writer practices in a district where 

 tetanus is almost as common among horses and mules as any other dis- 

 ease, and in fact it occasionally appears as an enzootic among them; 

 but it is one of the rarest diseases in cattle he is called to treat. 



