DISEASES OF THE GENERATIVE ORGANS. 225 



If the calf i.s si double-headed monster the skimiiiig of the head must 

 be carried backward until the point has been reached where both heads 

 branch from the single neck, and the separation must be made at that 

 point. The muscles and ligaments are first to be cut through, and if 

 the part cannot then be detached by pulling, the bodies of the vertebrae 

 may be separated by passing the knife through the joint. The second 

 head may now be secured by a noose round the lower jaw or hooks in 

 the orbits and brought up into place, the body being pushed back to ward 

 the other side by a repeller so as to make room. 



Jt should be added that, excepting in the case of a double-headed 

 monster, or in case of the head protruding or nearly so, and one or both 

 fore limbs presenting, it is rarely desirable to undertake amputation of 

 the head. The space desirable in the passages can usually be seemed 

 by the much simpler and easier procedure of removing one or both fore 

 limbs. 



AMPUTATION OK THE HIND LIMBS. 



This is sometimes demanded on the one extended limb when the other 

 can not be brought up and delivery can not be effected ; also in case of 

 monsters having extra hind limbs; in cases where the calf is dead, 

 putrid, and bloated with gas, and in some cases of breech presentation 

 as described under that head. 



When the limb is extended the guiding principles are as in the case 

 of the fore limbs. The skin is cut through circularly sibove the fetlock 

 and slit up beneath the pelvic bones on the inner side of the thigh. It 

 is then dissected from the other parts as high as it has been slit on the 

 inner side and to above the prominence (trochanter major) on the upper 

 end of the thigh bone on the outer side of the joint. In this procedure 

 the hands and spud can do much, but owing to the firmer connections 

 the knife will be more frequently required than in the case of the fore 

 limb. The muscles are now cut through sill around the hip joint and 

 strong traction is made by two or three men on the limb. If there is 

 still too much resistance si knife .is inserted into the joint on the inner 

 Bide and its round ligsunent cut through, after which extraction will be 

 comparatively easy. This accomplished, it will often be possible to 

 extract the fetus with the other leg turned forward into the womb. If 

 the calf is bloated with gas it may be necessary to remove the other 

 leg in the same way, and even to cut open the chest and abdomen and 

 remove their contents before extraction esin be effected. In the case of 

 extra limbs it may be possible to bring them np into the passages after 

 the presenting hind limbs have been removed, if this is not practi- 

 cable they msvy be detached by cutting them through sit the hip joint 

 as described under Hreceh Presentation. 



Another method of removing the hind limb is, sifter having skinned it 

 over the quarter, to cut through the pelvic IK>UCH from before bsickwsird, 

 in the median line below, by knife, saw, or long embryotonie (Plato 

 24G07 15 



