DISEASES FOLLOWING PARTURITION. 239 



all around the vulva without risk of displacement. This should be worn 

 for several days until the womb shall have closed, and a 11 risk of further 

 eversion is at an end. Variations of this device are found in the use 

 of a narrow triangle of iron applied around the vulva and fixed by a 

 similar arrangement of ropes, surcingle, and collar (Plate xxiu, Fig. 3), 

 a common crupper similarly held around the vulva (Plate xxn, Fig. 1), 

 stitches through the vulva, and wires inserted through the skin on the 

 two hips (Plate xxiu, Fig. 2), so that the}* will cross behind the vulva; 

 ;ilso pessaries of various kinds inserted in the vagina. None of these, 

 however, presents any advantage over the simple and comparatively 

 painless rope truss described above. Such additional precautions as 

 keeping the cow in a stall higher behind than in front, and seeing that 

 the diet is slightly laxative and nonstimulating may be named. If 

 straining is persistent, ounce doses of laudanum may be employed twice 

 a day, and the same may be injected into the vagina. 



If the womb has been cut off, injections of a solution of a teaspoon- 

 ful of carbolic acid in a quart of water should be employed daily, or 

 more frequently, until the discharge ceases. 



EVERSION OF THE BLADDER. 



A genuine eversion of the bladder is almost unknown in the cow, 

 owing to the extreme narrowness of its mouth. The protrusion of the 

 bladder, however, through a laceration in the floor of the vagina sus- 

 tained in calving, and its subsequent protrusion through the vulva, is 

 sometimes met with. In this case the protruding bladder contains 

 urine, which can never be the case in a real eversiou, in which the inner 

 surface of the bladder and the openings of the ureters are both exposed 

 outside the vulva. The presence of a bag containing water, which is 

 connected with the floor of the vagina, will serve to identify this con- 

 dition. If the position of the bladder in the vulva renders it imprac- 

 ticable to pass a catheter to draw off the urine, pierce the organ with 

 the nozzle of a hypodermic syringe, or even a very small trocar and 

 cauula, and draw off the water, when it will be found an easy matter 

 to return the bladder to its place. The rent in the vagina can be 

 stitched up, but as then' would be risk in any subsequent calving it is 

 best to prepare the cow for the butcher. 



RUPTURE OF THE BLADDER. 



This lias been known to occur in protracted parturition when the 

 fetus finally passed while the bladder was full. The symptoms are 

 those of complete suppression of urine and tenderness of the abdomen, 

 with a Steady accumulation of liquid ami fluctuation on handling it 

 lower part. If the hand is introduced into the vagina it is felt to be 

 hot and tender, and perhaps slightly swollen along its floor. As a 

 final test, if the lower fluctuating part of the abdomen is punctured 



