DISEASES OP THE SKIX. 347 



soon become partly unconscious ; the body becomes cold, and the pulse- 

 l)t-;i us almost imperceptible; finally the heart fails completely and the 

 animal dies. Generally, however, the poison is not sufficiently active 

 to cause death, but the recovery from its effects will be slow. Large 

 abscesses and sloughs may form, wliich will require along time to heal, 

 or end in the exhaustion and death of the victim. 



Treatment. Powerful diffusible stimulants are indicated to maintain 

 life until the first impression or shock of the poison has passed away. 

 For this purpose whisky is given in pint doses every fifteen or twenty 

 minutes, until it arouses the sinking vitality. Aqua ammonia in 1 

 ounce doses, diluted with 2 quarts of water, may be substituted for the 

 whisky. External treatment should consist in cauterization of the 

 wound by plunging a red-hot pointed iron into it as deeply as the situ- 

 ation of the wound will permit. Gashes an inch long should be cut 

 into the skin over the swollen part, for the purpose of draining the 

 blood away and lessening the danger of extensive subsequent slough- 

 ing. Afterwards keep the parts well painted with tincture of iodine. 



VENOMOUS STINGS. 



These may be inflicted by scorpions, tarantulas, wasps, bees, hornets, 

 etc. Occasionally an animal may be stung by a wasp or bumble bee 

 and owing to some peculiar state of the blood of the animal the injured 

 skin will swell and form a painful enlargement. If stung by a swarm 

 of bees the animal may become very sick and prostrated. The external 

 application of sugar of lead water, 1 ounce to the pint, will usually 

 relieve the pain and swelling. When the animal suffers constitution- 

 ally, 2 drams of carbonate of ammonia or 4 ounces of whisky should 

 be administered every 2 hours until the animal rallies from the shock. 



BURNS AND SCALDS. 



This is a rare accident among cattle, yet in cases of tire it may occur. 

 The application of heat, whether dry or moist, unless sufficient instantly 

 to destroy the life of a part, is always followed by the development of 

 vesicles or blisters, which contain a thin, watery thud. The blisters 

 may be isolated and not very large, or one blister may cover a very 

 large surface. When the burn is very severe the skin may be wholly 

 devitalized, or the injury may extend into the deeper structures beneath 

 the skin. Then sloughs will occur, followed by a contraction of the, 

 parts in healing; if on a limb this may render the animal stift. When 

 the burn or scald has been a severe one the resulting pain is great and 

 the constitutional disturbance very marked. 



Treatment. For a superficial burn use a mixture of equal parts of 

 lirnewater and linseed oil, or common white paint white lead ground 

 in oil. This will exclude the atmosphere and protect the inflamed skin. 

 If it is not convenient to obtain this, chimney soot, flour, or starch may 

 be spread on the wound (dry), and covered with cotton hatting and 



