348 DISEASES OF CATTLE. 



light bandage if possible. The blisters should be opened to let the con- 

 tained fluid escape, but do not pull off the thin cuticle which has been 

 raised by the blister. When the burn is extensive and deep sloughing 

 occurs, the parts should be treated like other deep wounds, by poultic- 

 ing, astringent washes, etc. When the system has sustained much 

 shock, stimulants may be required internally, such as 4 ounces of whisky 

 or 2 drains of carbonate of ammonia, every hour until the animal rallies. 

 When the pain is very great, hypodermic injections of 6 grains of mor- 

 phia may be administered every six hours. 



Frostbite on any portion of the body may be treated as recommended 

 in the article on diseases of the ears. 



EMPHYSEMA WIND UNDER THE SKIN. 



Emphysema of the skin is not a true disease of the skin, but we will 

 mention it as a pathological condition. It is characterized by a disten- 

 sion of the skin with air contained in the subcutaneous areolar tissue. 

 It may depend upon a septic condition of the blood, as in anthrax or 

 blackleg; or air may be forced under the skin about the head, neck, 

 and shoulders, as a result of rupture of the windpipe. It occurs in the 

 region of the chest and shoulders from penetrating wounds of the chest 

 and lung, and occasionally follows puncture of the rumen, when the 

 escaping gas becomes retained under the skin. 



Symptoms. The skin is enormously distended over a greater or less 

 portion of the body; thus any region of the body may lose its natural 

 contour and appear like a monstrosity. There is a peculiar crackling 

 beneath the skin when the hand is passed over it, and on tapping it 

 with the fingers a resonant drum-like sound is elicited. 



Treatment. Puncture the distended skin with a broad-bladed pocket 

 knife and press out the contained air. Further treatment must be 

 directed with a view to the removal of the cause. 



