358 DISEASES OF CATTLE. 



tion of the mucous membrane, accompanied by swelling of the eyelids 

 and an early opacity of the cornea. The flow of tears is mixed with 

 pus, sometimes streaked with blood, which gathers in large masses 011 

 the cheek. The eyes are kept continually closed. The implication of 

 the cornea in the disease frequently blinds the animal for a time, and 

 occasionally suppurative keratitis, ulcers of the cornea, or staphyloma 

 supervene. The attack is marked from the onset by a high fever, loss 

 of appetite, partial loss of milk, suspended rumination, and separation 

 from the herd. 



Treatment. The animal should be housed in a cool, dark stable, sup- 

 plied with plenty of fresh water to drink and soft succulent food. 

 Administer 1 pound of Epsom salts if a very large animal 1 pounds 

 dissolved in 2 or 3 pints of water. Give tincture of veratrum viride 

 every two hours in 30-drop doses and half an ounce of saltpeter three 

 times a day. For an eyewash take boracic acid, 1 dram, and pour 4 

 ounces of boiling water over it. Use this wash as often as convenient, 

 applying it directly to the eye. In the majority of cases improvement 

 becomes manifest in a few days, and the eye will become clear and free 

 from inflammation in ten days or two weeks. Where the disease devel- 

 ops ulceratioii of the cornea, or well-marked deep-seated keratitis. the 

 treatment recommended for those conditions should be adopted. 



Prevention. Whenever this affection appears in a herd all the unaf- 

 fected animals should be moved to another locality; that is, to fields 

 which possess a different character of soil and feed. The water should 

 also be changed, especially if they have been obtaining their drinking 

 water from a running stream or stagnant pond. 



KERATITIS COENEITIS. 



This is an inflammation of the cornea proper, although the sclerotica 

 at the corneal border becomes involved to some extent. It may be 

 divided into diffuse and suppurative. 



Causes. The cornea constitutes the most prominent portion of the 

 eyeball, hence it is subject to a variety of injuries scratches, pricks, 

 contusions, lacerations, etc. Inflammation of the cornea may also be 

 due to the extension of catarrhal conjunctivitis or intraocular disease, 

 and it may occasionally occur without any perceptible cause. 



Symptoms. Diffuse I'eratitis is characterized by an exudation into 

 and an opacity of the cornea. The swelling of the anterior part of the 

 eyeball may be of an irregular form, in points resembling small blad- 

 ders, or it may commence at the periphery of the cornea by an abrupt 

 thickening, which gradually diminishes as it approaches the center. 

 If the whole cornea is affected it has a uniform gray or grayish white 

 appearance. The flow of tears is not so marked as in conjunctivitis, 

 nor is the suffering so acute. Both eyes usually become affected, unless 

 it is due to an external injury. 



In favorable cases the exudate within the cornea begins to disappear 



