364 DISEASES OF CATTLE. 



tion of sufficient chloroform to render it completely insensible. The 

 removal, however, is of paramount importance, and the after treatment 

 depends upon the extent and location of the injury cold water com- 

 press over the injured eye, the application of mild astringent and 

 cooling washes, such as acetate or sulphate of zinc, 5 grains to the 

 ounce of water. When tbere is extreme suffering from paiu a 5 per 

 cent solution of atropia or morphia, 5 grains to the ounce of water, may 

 be dropped into the eye, alternating with the cooling wash several 

 times a day. When abscesses form within the orbit a free opening must 

 be maintained for the discharge of pus. In deep penetrating wounds 

 of the eye there is a great tendency to the formation of a fungus 

 growth, which often necessitates the enucleation of the whole eyeball. 



ORBITAL AND PERIORBITAL ABSCESS. 



Orbital abscess may form outside of the globe and within the orbital 

 sheath, as the result of a previous wound of the parts, or from fract- 

 ure of the bony orbit, etc. Periorbital abscess commences outside of 

 -the ocular sheath, beneath the periosteal membrane covering the bone, 

 and is usually the result of a diseased or fractured bone which enters 

 into the formation of the orbital cavity. 



Symptoms. Orbital abscess is manifested by a pushing forward of 

 the eyeball (exophthalinos), a swelling of the conjunctiva and eyelids. 

 The bulging out of the eye is in proportion to the size of the abscess ; 

 the movement of the eye is fixed, due to the painfulness of any volun- 

 tary movement of the eyeball. Periorbital abscess generally pushes 

 the eye to one side; otherwise the symptoms are similar to the forego- 

 ing. The pain generally is very great; paralysis of the nerve of sight 

 may occur, and death may be caused by the abscess extending to the 

 brain. 



Treatment. The treatment for either orbital or periorbital abscess is 

 the same as that for abscess occurring in any other part of the body 

 a free opening for the escape of imprisoned pus. This should be made 

 as soon as the true nature of the disease is recognized. Afterwards 

 antiseptic injections may be needed to stimulate healthy granulation 

 and to prevent septic infection of the ocular membranes. For this pur- 

 pose a saturated solution of boracic acid may be used, or listerine one 

 part to ten of water. When the fever runs high, Glauber salts sul- 

 phate of soda may be given in 4-ounce doses once a day. The animal 

 should be kept in a darkened stable, on soft or green feed. 



FRACTURE OF THE ORBIT. 



This accident occasionally occurs among belligerent animals, or as 

 the result of blows delivered by brutal attendants. The orbital process 

 above the eye may be entirely crushed ia, pressing down upon the eye- 

 ball. In such an event the depressed bone should be elevated into its 

 proper place, and if it fails to unite it may have to be removed with saw 



