158 BRITISH IND USTRIES. 



The result is, that although the first-class boats in Scot- 

 land have increased more than 20 per cent, within the 

 four years, 1872-75, their average size in 1875 was 

 only 17 tons, and among them were sixty cod-smacks 

 belonging to Shetland, and averaging 45 tons each. 

 The general Scotch fisheries are in deep water, but 

 this is found not far from the land ; and the boats are 

 able as a rule to go to sea and return every day. The 

 use of ice in these fishing boats is, therefore, un- 

 necessary, and, I believe, is never thought of. The 

 tendency of the fishermen is to go farther to sea than 

 formerly, as they find the advantages in larger catches. 

 Commencing our notice of the Scotch fishery stations 

 with the Firth of Forth and its neighbourhood, we 

 find several places important from the number of 

 fishing boats belonging to them, and the quantity of 

 fish landed there. Berwick is practically a Scotch 

 town so far as regards its fisheries ; and although, as a 

 Customs district, it appears on the English list, it 

 includes Eyemouth, Dunbar, and intermediate villages 

 within its limits. The fisheries along this range of 

 coast generally, are more varied than is usual in Scottish 

 waters. The great herring fishery is carried on from 

 July to September, and during this period large quan- 

 tities of these fish are landed at Dunbar and North 

 Berwick, also from the other side of the Firth, and are 

 sent off by rail to the fish market. Newhaven has 

 long been know as a thriving fishing station, and its 

 boats, for many years the best on the coast, have 

 shared in the improvements which happily are becom- 

 ing every day more widely adopted, whilst the New- 



