40 COMMISSIONOFCONSERVATION 



to be more or less of a spendthrift and a less efficient citizen than he 

 would be with more stable and regular employment. 



The pulp industry will involve a more elaborate process of manu- 

 facturing than the saw-mill and will lead to the creation of large village 

 communities with opportunities for creating a healthy social life. 



The pulp manufacturers who are developing these new industries 

 are showing an enlightened self-interest in planning and developing 

 the towns around their mills so that healthy and attractive housing 

 conditions will be provided for their employees. One of the reasons 

 for this is, as one of the largest manufacturers has stated, that experi- 

 ence has taught them that the best workers can only be secured if 

 the living conditions are satisfactory. When such industries are 

 established without proper provision being made for housing it has 

 been found that good engineers, chemists and foremen are difficu t 

 to obtain even on the offer of higher wages than are available in 

 towns possessing better environment. It is no longer regarded as 

 good business policy to make money out of the sub-division of the 

 land which is required for the homes of the workers, nor to leave the 

 building of these homes and the lay-out of the towns to the haphazard 

 and greedy methods of land speculators. 



Where new mills are being established the planning and regula- 

 tion of the building development needs to be accompanied by measures 

 to prevent the wholesale destruction of forest growth; and reason- 

 able restriction of the use of water-powers to prevent deterioration 

 of forest floors and agricultural lands. 



Improvement of fishing villages presents a difficult problem, but 

 much can be done by more education of the fishermen and better 

 leadership on the part of those who administer public affairs of fish- 

 ing communities. Greater attention is likely to be given in the future 

 to the creation of small manufacturing industries in fishing villages, 

 particularly in connection with the utilization of fish waste for com- 

 mercial purposes, and this will result in securing an increase of popu- 

 lation and in creating a demand on the part of fishermen for improved 

 facilities for distribution and better social conditions. The better- 

 ment of agricultural conditions round fishing centres and the making 

 of good roads will react on these centres and result in their improve- 

 ment. In any event it is evident that there is need for improved 

 conditions and for more efficient municipal control in such centres. 



WATER-POWERS 



Extensive developments may be expected in the future in the 

 utilization of the immense reserves of water-power in the Dominion, 



