Puccinia Compositae. 159 



Aecidiospores orange-red, ellipsoid to polygonal, finely echin- 

 ulate, 21-28 x 18-21/i.J 



II. Uredosori roundish, chestnut-brown, scattered or confluent, pul- 



verulent, often on yellow or pale green spots on upper surface of 

 leaf but generally forming brown mass on under surface. 



Uredospores sub-globose, elliptic or obovate, golden-yellow, echin- 

 ulate, epispore sub-hyaline, showing one germ-pore on one face. 

 21-24 /i diam. or 24-29 x 15-22 p. 



III. Teleutosori roundish, dark-brown or black, prominent, scattered at 

 first but ultimately in clusters, confluent, dotting both surfaces of 

 leaf, but most prominent on under. 



Teleutospores at first intermixed with uredospares, chestnut- 

 brown, oblong-elliptical or pear-shaped, smooth, but occasionally a 

 little rough at apex, slightly constricted at septum, thickened at 

 apex (6-9 p), generally rounded at base, 36-50 X 21-27 p, 

 average 44 x 26 ^ ; upper cell similar in colour or just a 

 shade darker than lower, and rather larger, 22-29 x 21-27 /u; 

 lower cell either the counterfeit of upper or slightly tapering 

 towards base, 17-23 X 20-22 p pedicel hyaline, persistent, 

 generally much longer than spore, up to 90 and 110 /i long. 



On leaves, branches, involucral bracts and corolla-leaves of Helianthus 

 <innuus L., and H. tuber osus L. 



Victoria Very common, December- April. 



New South Wales Mudgee and Guntawang, Feb., 1887 (National 



Herb.) (Hamilton). Sydney Botanic Gardens, Feb., 1901. 

 Queensland Ipswich, 1888, Bailey 5 ; Brisbane, 1889. 

 This rust was first observed in South Carolina and Pennsylvania, then it 

 appeared in Russia where the sunflower is largely cultivated, and soon it 

 spread over Europe, extending to Australia. The teleutospores are very 

 regular and definite in shape. 



Aecidia have not been found in Australia, although the rust is plentiful. 



Sydow in his Monograph comes to the conclusion that this species 



i possesses no aecidial stage, since he has examined specimens from numerous 



j localities without result, but Carleton 3 has collected the three stages in 



) America and remarks : "The aecidium occurs rarely in comparison with the 



occurence of other stages, but it is to be found on a number of hosts and 



occasionally in considerable abundance. This rarity of its occurrence, 



together with the occurrence of spermogonia so often with the uredo, may 



be accounted for by the fact that the uredo is often produced by direct 



teleutosporic infection." 



According to Woronin 1 the teleutospores germinate equally well 

 whether they have been kept dry in a room or taken from leaves which had 

 i lain under the snow throughout the winter. Carleton 2 says that they also 

 I germinate at once without a resting period. 



(Plate VII., Fig. 56.) 



Hypochoeris. 



,S7. Puccinia hypochoeridis Oud. 



Oudemans in Nederl. Kruidk. Arch. II., Ser. 1, p. 175 (1873). 

 Sydow, Mon. Ured. L, p. 100 (1902). 

 Sacc. Syll. VII., p 634 (1888); XVII., p. 302 (1905). 

 Puccinia microseris McAlp., Agr. Gaz. N.S.W. VI., p. 

 757 (1895). 



