22K 



Canadian Arctic K.c petition, 1913-18 



July 1-15 



opis arciobia 

 Parry a arctica 



" 



Cochlearia groenlandica 



er). 



nphylos alpina 

 StcUaria longipes, S. humifusa 



Castilleja pallida 



borea 



Cassiope tetragona 

 Papaver niidicuule 



J'ldUi'. '!dt(l 



Astragalus aboriginoru m 



8 pulidsii 

 Car ex spp. 



Eriophorum ay usti folium 

 I'i'niinciilns nffi-nis 

 Equisetum arvense 

 UhodotlctKlron lapp<>> 

 Potenti.il a spp. 



INSECT LIFE 



]>]>. (<ti-<-!ira, etc.) 

 Primula stricta 



"it cotttpotiit UN (probably 

 ier). 



Saxifraga trlcuspidata. N. decii>it /i,s 

 Lychnis apetala 



i ir I folium 



Statice armeria (probably earlier) 

 Saxifraga hirculus, S. rivularis 

 L)l<-linis affinis 

 T<trt. <tt<i]>liorui (probably 



earlier). 

 Halianthus peploides 



ixace septentrionaUs 



nsia marititna 

 Salix reticulata 



<i alpina 

 Drnbn nivalis 

 Antennaria alpina 

 Erigeron uniflorus 

 Senecio palustris 

 ('< rant i inn alpinnm 



Observations for Winters 191 4-1 ^ and 1915-16 



Insects :in- scjirrc in the neighbourhood of Bernard harbour from October to 

 April, inclusive. The best collecting places during the winter are under the 

 shingles mostly limestone particularly upon peninsul is and points, where 

 various orange or olive-coloured collembola, besides small reddish mites (Bryobia 

 praetiosa), and the common small spiders are common. Of other insects only 

 small hemiptera, flies, staphylinid beetles, beetle-larvae, or caterpillars, and 

 occasionally a frozen tipulid larva were observed. 



No insects \vere seen on the wing, but parasitic insects, both the mallophag'i 

 on the birds, and the (le t< and lice on the mamm-ils and Eskimos, were observed. 

 Mo.-t conspicuous, however, are the larvae of the bot-fly (Oedemagena tarandi } 

 in the caribou (Rfnn/ifer arcticus). In November, the grubs are about 1 mm. 

 long, and are found under the skin or in the muscles of their host. They were 

 about 2 mm. long and were encysted on the inner side, of their host's skin and in 

 the muscles. The bigger ones had already perfected their emergence holes 

 through the skin and hid their posterior end (spiracles) turned toward these 

 openings. 



The lakes and ponds contain a large amount of invertebrates during the 



winter. The insects secured in these lakes were in;, inly midge larva 1 or puptv in 



their mud-tubes (Tanytarsus sp.) the same st:iges of trichopt<M'a, and other 



neuropteroids. pcrlids, etc., probably are also present, besides water mites 



tia porosa, etc.). 



The summer weather at Bernard harbour in 191(i began about the end of 

 May. but wintry weather predominated during the first half of June, with the 

 net result that insect and plant life was considerably retarded, though earlier 

 than in J9ir>. 



Man 1-1 



( 'ollembola, (fnottna n'/vV/x, Enlotuohnja com /xiratti , etc.). carabid (Lchia, sp. 

 etc.), and staphylinid beetles were noted. Kmpty hyinenoptera cocoons were 

 very common under stones. These cocoons and the empty tly-puparia also 

 found under stones or among plants, are from the previous year, or still older. 



May 1-10, 1916 



Flies came out. but became numerous only with the warm weather. They 

 probably represent, individuals which hibernated as adults. On patches free of 

 snow, caterpillars and smaller more occult living insects may be seen (PI. IX, 

 fig. 1). 



