26K ('<in(nli(tn Arctic Expedition, If) 1, 3-18 



In the harbour creek perlid larva) were noticed. In the ponds mosquito 

 larvae (Aedes sp.) were almost full grown; those placed for rearing (No. 109) 

 began pupating two days later, and the adults emerged during the first week 

 in July. Large dipterous larva? (tipulid) burrowing in the mud were also seen 



June 11-%Q } 1915 



On June 18, the first bumblebees (queens) of the year were noticed, but 

 none were 1 caught. On the same day some small flies (Fucellia punctipennis] 

 were seen half jumping, half flying on the loose sand of an exposed slope. 

 Minute diptera w ved on a. snow-free, gravelly flat, but they did not 



congregate in swarm-;. Though flying insects were few, large numbers of other 

 insects we.-e found under stones, in plants, etc. In such places the earlier 

 ( 'arabid beetles, spiders, mites, collembola, etc., besides an occasional weevil 

 or insect larva (tipulidae, curculionidse, nematidae), were frequent. In rotten 

 driftwood were found the mite Rhagidia gelida and different collembola (Onchi- 

 unis IJ-punctdliiH, Achorutes tullberyi.., etc.). Caterpillars found under stones, 

 on plants, etc., were placed for rearing. One of these (Rearing 51) proved to 

 be parasitized, but lived for about two months, and even began its cocoon ; 

 when two large hymenopterous cocoons burst forth, their host died, though 

 slowly. Ponds became richer in invertebrates as the month progresses. At 

 first only a few collembola (Isotoma palustris) are seen upon the water, or a 

 couple of dytiscid beetles are busily digging or swimming in waterholes. Mud- 

 and freshwater-algae support a rich life of microscopic animals (worms, rotifera, 

 etc.). 



Most of the temporary ponds are barren of microscopic life; it seems to be a 

 question of suitability of the bottom mud more than of anything else. 



On June 18, collembola (Achorutes armatus, Folsomia quadrioculata, Tctra- 

 canthdla wahlgreni) , dytiscid-beetles, or larvae and many copepods (Cyclops 

 magnus} were found in a pond, and, the first time this year, mosquito Iarva3 

 (Aedes nearcticus) only a few days old and 3-4 mm. long. Some of the mosquito 

 larva 1 were placed for rearing (Rearing 59); at the end of the month the largest 

 had double their length, and they began pupating ten d:iys Liter. The first-re:; red 

 imagines emerged in the middle of July; their pup:t st: .ge is thus of very short 

 duration. In the mud of this pond were found two d:iys later a white dipterous 

 larva and white oligochaete worms; the water temperature was then 44.1 

 degi'' ir 32.2 degrees F., noon). 



June. 21-30, 19 li> 



The first female mosquitoes (Ablex sp.) appeared on June 21, and by the 

 end of the month became numerous and very annoying, especially in low-lying 

 and sheltered places. 'The first crane-flies (Tipubi sp., (Me.) \vere also noticed 

 on June 21, and their number rapidly increased. Flies, of course, were also 

 common, and the. bumblebee queens (lioinhux xi/lricold, tt. ncobore-UH, etc.) were 

 busily engaged on th: 1 early flowers. .Many small midges were noticed above; 

 or in the creek outlet. 



Various spiders ('newborn, pale, grey brown; Tinrlicux dlatiiN, etc.), mites 



tvortcx nigrofem&ratus) } collembola, caterpillars, etc., were prevalent. 



An almost dry pond contained, t he last day of t he monl h, be ides the usual 

 dyfiscid beetles and mito (77///a.s xldlli), many dyfiscid larva 1 about 1mm. long, 

 and a number of mosquito pupa' (Aw fax /learticux), but very few mosquito 

 larva?. More interesting, however, were the entomost raca, namely, both sexes 

 of the phyllopod, Branchinecta i><iln<loxu, now almost full grown. Younger stages 

 of the same branchipod were found in a l)rackish pond, and many young water 

 fleas (l)d])hnin pnli'.r), midge larva 1 and pupa 1 were found among the thread- 

 algae in the creek outlet. In the creek back of (he harbour the imagines (\cmoura 



