338 



PATAGONIAN EXPEDITIONS: PALAEONTOLOGY. 



1 3. Posterior border of palate perfor- 

 ated by a large foramen on either 

 side of the posterior nares. 



14. Premaxillae excavated for re- 

 ception of the tip of the lower 

 canine. 



15. Palatal vacuities absent. 



1 6. Presence of a vascular foramen 

 (the post-zygomatic of Cope) 

 perforating anteriorly the baseof 

 the zygoma below or within the 

 lip of the post-glenoid foramen. 



17. Presence of a large vascular 

 foramen (the sub-squamosal of 

 Cope) perforating the squa- 

 mosal on or above the crest 

 which connects the base of the 

 zygoma with the inion. 



1 8. Epipubic ossifications absent. 



19. Sutures of the skull and epi- 

 physial elements of the skele- 

 ton distinct in fully adult indi- 

 viduals. 



20. Transverse process of seventh 

 cervical perforated by arterial 

 canal. 



13, A marsupial character. 



14. The same structure occurs in 

 Dasyurus, Tkylacynus and Di- 

 delphys, but is not present in 

 Perameles and Sarcophilus. 



15. Present in the majority of liv- 

 ing marsupials. Absent in 

 some species of Macropiis and 

 Petaurus. Usually thought of 

 as primitive, but more probably 

 to be regarded as a secondary 

 character. Found also among 

 the Insectivora. 



1 6. Confined to the Marsupialia 

 and Monotremata. (Cope, 

 Proc. Am. Phil. Soc., Vol. 18, 

 p. 453, 1880.) 



17. Characteristic of the Marsu- 

 pialia, but not confined to that 

 order. Absent in placental 

 carnivores. 



1 8. Cartilaginous and vestigial in 

 Thylacynus. 



19. Not strictly a marsupial char- 

 acter, but indicative of marsu- 

 pial affinities, when considered 

 in connection with the other 

 characters presented. 



20. Imperforate in nearly all pla- 

 cental carnivores and also in 

 Sarcophilus. Perforate in 

 most marsupials. 



