MOSSES WITH A HAND-LENS 



171 



the size of the lobule and rather, 

 smaller than in the next. The spores 

 mature in midsummer; perianths may 

 be found in autumn and winter. The 

 perianth is about half exserted, ob- 

 long to oval-oblong from a narrower 

 base, rounded at the apex and con- 

 tracted into a short slender beak 

 resembling that shown in Jungerman- 

 nia lanccolata, sharply five keeled in 

 the upper part. The bifid underleaves 

 which distinguish this species micro- 

 scopically seem entire with a lens. 

 L. CLYPEATA (Schwein.) Sulliv. is a 



of stem rather larger plant found on rocks and 

 with two pairs of leaves ,. .-, . , . 



seen from above- the same trees, from Connecticut southwards. 

 m S W a : P P a r rti of leave? The lob "'e forms an almost straight 

 and a male branch; perianth keel and the lower (postical) margin 

 with capsule and involucral r , , , . ,, . , rpi 



leaves; cross-section of per- of the leaf is much less incurved. The 

 ianth; elaters and spores. underleaves are much larger than the 

 lobules. The perianth has a rather shorter and broader beak. 



Lejcunca 

 clypeata (After Sullivant). 

 "Mant ; portion 



RADULA. 



R. COMPLANATA (L.) Dum. is fully as common as the Com- 

 mon Porella, growing on stones, walls, and roots of trees in dark 

 green mats. The leaves are complicate-bilobed as in all the pre- 

 ceding members of the family, but there are no underleaves and 

 the root hairs are all attached to the lobules instead of to the 

 stem or underleaves as is usually the case. The lobule is attached 

 by the longer margin as in Lejeunea, but the plants are much 

 larger. The spores mature in early spring, but perianths can be 

 found on the plants at almost any season and they are so char- 

 acteristic as to render recognition easy. They are flattened at 

 the mouth (not well shown in the figures) as if someone had 

 taken them between the thumb and finger and squeezed the upper 

 portion flat. The mature capsules are only slightly exserted 

 from the mouth of the perianth. Besides the spores, the plants 

 often produce gemmae from the leaves as shown in the figures. 



