Botanic Remedies 133 



fluidextract (average dose, 15 minims), the tincture 

 (average dose, 1 fluidrachm), the compound tinc- 

 ture (cinchona, bitter orange peel, and serpentaria, 

 average dose, 1 fluidrachm), and HUXHAM'S TINC- 

 TURE of BARK (made of red cinchona). 



About thirty alkaloids have been separated from 

 cinchona. The several fluid preparations vary, 

 depending upon the alkaloidal constituents most 

 largely represented; but these differences are of 

 little practical importance, the preparations of bark 

 being now used simply as bitter tonics. The detan- 

 nated tincture is to be preferred. 



Cinchona is an astringent bitter, and a stomachic 

 tonic; but its continued use sets up gastric catarrh, 

 interferes with digestion, and induces constipation. 

 Nevertheless there are cases in which cinchona, 

 especially in connection with acids, serves admirably 

 as a tonic. In my view, relaxed and atonic condi- 

 tions are the ones indicating cinchona; and it is 

 useful in convalescence from septic infections and 

 other debilitating and exhausting diseases. 



Nevertheless, cinchona is not adapted as a gen- 

 eral tonic bitter, and it has been largely displaced 

 by more available agents. For a general discussion 

 of the bitters, see "Gentian"; and for the pharma- 

 cology and general therapeutics of cinchona, see 

 "Quinine." 



CINNAMOMUM 



Cinnamomum Cassia is CHINESE CINNAMON, and 

 from it OIL OF CASSIA is derived. Several species 

 are known as Saigon cinnamon. The true Ceylon 

 cinnamon, unquestionably the best cinnamon, is 

 (7. Zeylanicum. The U. S. P. does not sufficiently 



