248 Botanic Drugs 



hypertonic conditions. Does not interfere with nor- 

 mal intestinal action. A feeble central analgesic 

 and a local anesthetic. Not habit-inducing to any 

 degree, and is but slightly toxic. Used in intestinal 

 spasm, for the diagnosis of pyloric spasm, in biliary 

 colic, and in bronchial spasm. Useful in some cases 

 of angina pectoris, acute uremia, and in eclampsia. 

 Its local anesthetic action, with vasodilatation, 

 makes it useful in rhino-asthma and to mitigate the 

 pain of irritant injections. Recently applied, through 

 urethroscope, to the mouth of the ureter in ureteral 

 calculus. Oral and hypodermic dose, y% to 1^ 

 grain. Hydrochloride and sulphate same dose. 



PANTOPON, a mixture of the hydrochlorides of 

 the alkaloids of opium (50% morphine). Action 

 same as opium but is adapted to hypodermic ad- 

 ministration. Dose, 1-6 to 1-3 grain for adults. 



DOSAGE OF U. S. P. PRODUCTS. Opium, 1 grain; 

 powdered opium, 1 grain; deodorized opium, 1 

 grain; granulated opium, 1 grain; extract of opium, 

 % grain; tincture opium (laudanum), 8 minims; 

 camphorated tincture opium (paregoric), 1 flui- 

 drachm; deodorized tincture opium, 8 minims; 

 wine of opium (U. S. P. VIII), 8 minims; Dover's 

 powder, 8 grains; Tully's powder (U. S. P. VIII), 

 7^ grains; morphine, 1-8 grain; morphine acetate, 

 1-8 grain; morphine sulphate, 1-8 grain. These 

 were stated as % grain in the U. S. P. VIII. 



FOR CHILDREN give morphine salts in the follow- 

 ing doses: At one month, 1-1000 grain; at three 

 months, 1-600 grain; at one year, 1-200 grain; at 

 five years, 1-30 to 1-20 grain. Repeat no oftener 

 than every 2 hours. Hypodermic doses should be 

 smaller (Holt). 



