Botanic Remedies 273 



tion in gonorrhea. In hay-fever 4 to 8 grains quinine 

 hydrochloride to the ounce of water is used as a 

 spray. As an application to the skin previous to 

 irradiation with the X-ray, 8 grains quinine to the 

 ounce of cod-liver oil has been commended. 



In digestive troubles cinchona, q. v., is used in 

 preference to quinine; but 2-grain doses of quinine 

 salts are used as general tonic medication. Un- 

 doubtedly such doses are a bitter stomachic tonic, 

 but a solution in weak acid is preferable for such 

 purposes to the common quinine pill. 



Quinine acts as an antipyretic by inhibiting nitrog- 

 enous metabolism and diminishing heat production. 

 The vogue of the coal-tar derivatives has, of recent 

 years, pushed quinine to the background as an 

 antipyretic; but it is returning to favor again. 

 It is coming to be well understood that the aniline 

 derivatives depress the respiratory and circulatory 

 systems: quinine, in medicinal dosage, does not 

 depress, or rarely does so. In bronchitis and the 

 milder febrile states, quinine is quite effective as an 

 anti-pyretic, if given in fairly full dosage. In surgical 

 fever quinine is especially valuable. The disagree- 

 able tinnitus produced by full dosage is much re- 

 duced by the use of bromides or diluted hydro- 

 bromic acid. 



In general infectious diseases quinine may not be 

 expected to possess distinct bactericidal effects; but 

 that it does to a certain degree in some affections 

 is probable. In continued fever of no defined type 

 or specific etiology, quinine seems to be of value. 

 It is rather empirically given in pneumonia, but 

 results seem to justify the practice. 



In influenza there is reason to believe that the 



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