THE STRUGGLE FOR LIFE. 191 



ideals which completed the work of creating him a 

 Man. 



Start with a comparatively unevolved savage, and 

 see what the Struggle for Life will do for him. When 

 we meet him first he is sitting, we shall suppose, in 

 the sun. Let us also suppose — and it requires no 

 imagination to suppose it — that he has no wish to do 

 anything else than sit in the sun, and that he is per- 

 fectly contented, and perfectly happy. Nature around 

 him, visible and invisible, is as still as he is, as inert 

 apparently, as unconcerned. Neither molests the other ; 

 they have no connection with each other. Yet it is 

 not so. That savage is the victim of a conspiracy. 

 Nature has designs upon him, wants to do something 

 to him. That something is to move him. Why does 

 it wish to move him ? Because movement is work, and 

 work is exercise, and exercise may mean a further 

 evolution of the part of him that is exercised. How 

 does it set about moving him? By moving itself. 

 Everything else being in motion, it is impossible for 

 him to resist. The sun moves away to the west and 

 he must move or freeze with cold. As the sun con- 

 tinues to move, twilight falls and wild animals move 

 from their lairs and he must move or be eaten. The 

 food he ate in the morning has dissolved and moved 

 away to nourish the cells of his body, and more food 

 must soon be moved to take its place or he must 

 starve. So he starts up, he works, he seeks food, 

 shelter, safety ; and those movements make marks in 

 his body, brace muscles, stimulate nerves, quicken 

 intelligence, create habits, and he becomes more able 

 and more willing to repeat these movements and. so 

 becomes a stronger and a higher man. Multiply these 



