164 LIGUUS. 



f. A-G (teeth); pi. 4, f. G (genitalia) BLAND, t. c., p. 198 von 



MARTENS, Jahrb. d. D. Malak. Ges. iv, 1877, p. 362-367. CROSSE 

 & FISCHER, Miss. Scient. Mex., Moll., p. 436. BINNEY, Ann. New 

 York Acacl. Sci. iii, p. 129, pi. 12, f. A (dentition) CROSSE, Jour- 

 nal de Conchyl. xxxix, 1891, pp. 129, 204 (with var. sinistralis 

 Maltzan, Ms.). Achatina virginea varieties 2, 3, 4, SWAINSON, Zool. 

 Illustr. iii, pi. 122, 123 (1822). Achatina (Liguus) virginea MAR- 

 TENS in Alb., Die Hel., 1860, p. 207 Pseudotrochus virgineus H. & 

 A. ADAMS, Gen. Rec. Moll, ii, p. 135, pi. 73, f. 8a. 



Achatina vexillum Humph., DEKAY, Zool. of New York, pts v, 

 Moll., p. 56, pi. 4, f. 56. 



Achatina emarginata SWAINSON, Zool. Illustr. ii, pi. 84, upper and 

 lower figures (1821). PFR., Monogr. ii, p. 256 Ilotia virginea and 

 pueHaris BOLT., teste Pfr Chersina vittata HUMPHREY, Mus. 

 Calonnianuin, p. 62 (1797). 



Pre-Linnean illustrations: Lister, Historia Conch., pi. 15, f. 10. 

 Buonanni, f. 66 ; Argentville, pi. 65, f. G 1, G 3, G 4, G 5. Klein, 

 pi. 7, f. 116 (copied from Lister). Petiver Gazophylacii, pi. 22, f. 

 11 (bopied from Lister). Gualtieri, pi. 6, f. A. Seba, Thesaurus 

 iii, pi. 40, f. 38. Schroter, Geschichte der Flussconchylieji, p. 337, 

 pi. 8, f. 3, 4. 



L. virgineus differs from L. fasciatus in the shorter columella, 

 strongly concave above and more abruptly truncated below, and in 

 being more trochiform. The columella is strongly sinuous within the 

 last whorl, and there is frequently a short callous ridge well within 

 the aperture on the basal waH. The positions of the four blackish 

 bands, when they are present, is always the same, and the dark green 

 (or purple j super-peripheral band, ending in a slight notch in the lip, 

 is also fixed in position when present. The green band is purely 

 cuticular, and when rubbed off, a purple one is seen in ^he substance 

 of the shell beneath it. The number of band combinations^ if one 

 descends to minutia3 and transition forms, is considerable ; but the 

 chief patterns are noticed below. The variation in width of the shell 

 is largely independent of color-pattern. 



I. With a super-peripheral green band terminating in a notch at 

 the lip-edge. 



la. One green band and some faint yellow ones ; aperture 

 white within (figs. 58, 59). This is Achatina emargi- 

 nata of Swainson. It occurs at Jacmel. 



