LIGUUS. 169 



heavy and generally truncated, and a rich color-pattern of dark zones 

 and lines on a white or light ground, as shown in figures 70-74 of 

 plate 57. All of the older and especially the pre-Linnean figures 

 represent this form. It is. a superb shell, with the appearance of 

 painted porcelain. B. vexillam Brug., A. lineata Val. are absolute 

 synonyms, and A. murrea Rve. is the young. The Achatina pallida 

 of Swainson is a form of L. fasciatus retaining only a small part of 

 the typical color pattern. Var. pictus Reeve is another branch of 

 the typical fasciatus stem, in which the longitudinal stripes have be- 

 come obsolete except at the ends, where they appear as spots. It is 

 often thinner than typical fasciatus. 



I am convinced that no specific separation can be made between 

 the shells with strongly truncate columella and those with no trunca- 

 tion. It is a character of less phylogenetic stability than the mere 

 color-pattern ; truncate and non-truncate specimens occur together 

 in many localities, with all possible intergradations between them. 

 The contention of MM. Crosse and Fischer that L. fasciatus should 

 be removed from Liguus to Orthaiicus, under the subgeneric title of 

 Orthalicinus was apparently based upon an incomplete knowledge of 

 the variations of the columella; and such an arrangement, of the forms 

 as that given by M. Crosse in J. de C. xxxviii, 1890, p. 201, is clearly 

 inadmissible. 



No shells corresponding to this typical form and its color-variations 

 occur in Florida. They are exclusively Cuban. A form parallel 

 with var. pictus Reeve occurs in Florida (var. VII), but it evidently 

 had a different genesis. 



The variety crenatus of Swainson, so named from the nicks in the 

 peristome at the ends of the green bands, is the oldest name for the 

 thin form with numerous green lines, occurring both in Cuba (pi. 58, 

 figs. 80, 81) and in Florida (pi. 60, figs. 1, 2, 3). It is likely that 

 this form was the original one which reached Florida, the other 

 peninsular varieties being derivatives therefrom. Var. VIII occurs 

 both in Fldrida (pi. 59, figs. 92, 93), and in Cuba (as var. Ill, pi. 

 57, fig. 76). The uniform white Cuban form (pi. 58, fig. 88) is not 

 quite like the white Floridian form (pi. 59, figs. 94, 96) and evi- 

 dently arose from diverse antecedents. 



Very little is known of the distribution of the color-varieties in 

 Cuba. The heavy, beautifully painted tvpical forms, variety I and 

 its subvarieties, occur in western Cuba and the Isle of Pines. This 



