HISTORICAL NOTES. XXV 



modern genera Macroceramus, Urocoptis and Brachypodella, 

 composing his list, and grouped them together. 



Lansdown Guilding, in 1828, was the first to recognize the 

 distinctness of the group from any of the Lamarckian genera 

 of land snails. He proposed the new genus Brachypus for 

 the species known to him. This name unfortunately was pre- 

 occupied, so the real merit of Guilding 's observation has been 

 lost sight of. 



Beck, in 1837, placed part of the species in the genus Pupa, 

 founding a subgenus Urocoptis for species of the U. cylindrus 

 type, and s.-g. Brachypodella for slender forms of the anti- 

 perversa type, equivalent to Brachypus of Guilding. In the 

 genus Clausilia, Beck made a subgenus Apoma for the species 

 now known as Brachypodella chemnitziana. All three of 

 these names still stand. Beck's classification of the group 

 was in this case not an improvement on Ferussac. 



In 1840 Swainson proposed several names for species of 

 Urocoptidce, in his haphazard manner, and evidently with no 

 knowledge of the subject. Dr. L. Pfeiffer, in the same year, 

 proposed the genus Cylindrella, to include all of the slender 

 species then known to him. At this 'time he did not include 

 the stout forms such as Urocoptis cylindrus, which he left in 

 Pupa; so that the new genus was about equivalent to Brachy- 

 podella plus Apoma of Beck. Subsequently Pfeiffer enlarged 

 the limits of Cylindrella to comprise all Urocoptidce with an 

 entire peristome. The species of Macroceramus he left in 

 Bulimus until about 1859. The universal use of Pfeiffer 's 

 Monographia Heliceorum by all students of land shells, 

 caused most authors and collectors to accept the name Cylin- 

 drella to this day, notwithstanding the priority of those pro- 

 posed by Beck. 



In 1850, Albers subdivided the genus Cylindrella thus: 



Leia (for maugeri Wood). 



Thaumasia (= Eucalodium and Urocoptis s. str.) . 



Mychostoma (= Brachypodella) . 



Gongylostoma (= Arangia, Gongylostoma, Urocoptis, Coch- 

 lodinella) . 



Casta (= Apoma Beck). 



