Ophthalmic Artery Si 



a fold of conjunctiva is pinched up, midway between the cornea and 

 the caruncle, and is divided with the scissors, the capsule of Tenon 

 being also opened. The tendon is then caught up by a blunt hook 

 and divided. Unless the capsule of Tenon be opened, the rectus 

 cannot be effectually dealt with. If after the operation the external 

 rectus overact its part, its tendon will also require division. 



The ophthalmic artery is given off from the internal carotid, and 

 enters the orbit through the optic foramen, to the outer side of the 

 optic nerve. It then crosses the optic nerve, beneath the superior 

 rectus, to reach the inner wall of the orbit, and it eventually divides 

 into the nasal and frontal arteries near the lachrymal bone. 



Branches. The lachry mal runs above the external rectus, and ends 

 in twigs for the lachrymal gland and for the eyelids (the latter branches 

 anastomose with the palpebrals). From it some emissary branches 

 pass through the malar bone into the temporal fossa. 



The arteria centralis retince imbeds itself in the optic nerve and 

 enters the eye-ball at the * blind spot. 5 



The supra-orbital emerges through the foramen of that name, 

 supplying the eyelid and the forehead, and anastomoses with the 

 superficial temporal artery. 



The posterior ciliary branches pierce the sclerotic around the 

 optic nerve, and pass to the choroid ; but on either side of the nerve 

 one of them (long ciliary) runs on to pass between the sclerotic and 

 choroid to the ciliary muscle and iris. 



The anterior ciliary are derived irregularly from the muscular 

 branches ; ' they form a vascular ring beneath the conjunctiva at the 

 fore-part of the eye-ball, and then pierce the sclerotic within a line or 

 two of the margin of the cornea,' having formed an interesting and 

 important anastomosis with the subconjunctival vessels. 



The anterior ethmoidal artery passes with the nasal nerve through 

 the anterior ethmoidal foramen, into the anterior fossa of the skull, 

 where it gives off anterior meningeal branches to the dura mater, and 

 twigs through to the ethmoid cells and to the nasal fossa. The pos- 

 terior ethmoidal artery is smaller, and ends in the posterior ethmoidal 

 cells and in the nose. The ethmoidal arteries may be torn across in 

 fracture of the anterior fossa of the skull, and may cause suggestive 

 bleeding from the nose, or beneath the conjunctiva. 



Two small palpebral branches are given off near the front of 

 the orbit. They supply the conjunctiva and the lachrymal sac, and 

 then run outwards beneath the orbicularis to anastomose with the 

 lachrymal. 



The nasal artery ramifies at the root of the nose, anastomosing 

 with the angular branch of the facial, and so completes a link between 

 the internal and external carotids. 



T\vt frontal artery turns on to the forehead near the root of the nose 

 where it anastomoses with its fellow of the opposite side. 



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