I2O The Nose 



taken for and treated as a polypus, the base of the skull has been 

 lacerated and fatal meningitis has supervened. 



Building up the outer wall of the fossa are the nasal process and 

 the body of the superior maxilla, the lachrymal, inferior turbinated, 

 the vertical plate of the palate, and the internal pterygoid process. 

 And entering into the formation of the septum, or inner wall, are the 

 triangular cartilage, the vertical plate of the ethmoid, and the vomer. 

 The septum often deviates so much to one side that that passage is 

 useless for respiration. The bulging may be taken for a tumour or an 

 abscess, but on introducing a probe or a finger into the free nostril 

 the condition is at once recognised. The septum may sometimes be 

 adjusted by force, but some cutting and trimming may be needed in 

 addition. 



The mucous membrane, which closely adheres to the periosteum, 

 is continuous with that lining the pharynx, and, through the anterior 

 nares, with the skin. In the last-named region its epithelium is 

 squamous ; in the middle the respiratory part of the fossa it is 

 columnar ciliated, and in the region of distribution of the olfactory 

 nerve it is columnar, but not ciliated. The membrane is thick, and 

 is freely studded with mucous glands. Sometimes it is a good deal 

 hypertrophied over the lowest spongy bone, where it may possibly be 

 mistaken for a polypus. 



The mucous membrane is easily stripped up from the septum, and, 

 as it is strong, an abscess beneath it may raise it to a considerable 

 extent before finding its discharge. 



When, as the result of injury, the front cartilage is detached from 

 the bone, great pain may ensue from bruising of the nasal nerve, 

 which is escaping at the line of fracture (v. p. 62). 



The nose has often a slight lateral inclination, and this may be 

 noticed for the first time after the receipt of a blow. The person may 

 then protest that it was previously quite straight. One of the greatest 

 living sculptors affirms, indeed, that the two sides of the head and face 

 are never symmetrical unless in the case of professional beauties and 

 of others of a like intellectual capacity. 



The inferior meatus runs along the entire length of the floor of the 

 nose, beneath the inferior turbinated bone. It receives towards the 

 front the nasal duct. It is along this meatus that the Eustachian and 

 the cesophageal catheters are passed. 



The middle meatus occupies the posterior two-thirds of the fossa, 

 being above the inferior and below the middle turbinated bone. It 

 receives the opening of the antrum, and, through the infimdibulum, the 

 openings of the anterior ethmoidal and frontal sinuses. 



The superior meatus occupies the posterior third of the cavity : it 

 is above the middle spongy bone. Into it open the posterior ethmoidal, 

 and, perhaps, the sphenoidal sinus. 



Supply. --Arteries for the cavity come from the anterior and 



