184 SPECIAL BACTERIOLOGY 



culture, with symptoms of drowsiness and stupor. Diarrhoea is an 

 inconstant symptom ; septicaemia also occurs. Young chickens, pigeons, 

 rabbits, and guinea-pigs do not die when injected with J c.c. of 

 bouillon culture. 



It is distinguished from the bacillus of chicken cholera by its motility 

 and its slight pathogenic action on the most of animals, and the fact 

 that the bacillus of chicken cholera coagulates milk. 



BACILLUS OF THE GROUSE DISEASE. 



This is an infectious disease affecting red grouse, due to a bacillus 

 discovered by E. Klein. The affected animals exhibit pneumonic 

 lesions ; the mucosa and serosa of the intestines are congested ; the 

 liver is also congested and dark coloured. The bacilli are present in 

 the bloodvessels and extravasated blood, and sometimes in the heart's 

 blood. 



Microscopical Appearances. Bacilli 0'4> by 0-6 by 1*6 /M, oval or 

 coccus-like, and sometimes a few are rod-shaped. 



Motility. Motile in recent cultures. When some days old, only a 

 few of the bacilli are motile. 



Spore Formation absent. 



Staining Reactions. Stains with the ordinary stains, but not by 

 the Gram method. 



Biological Characters. On Gelatine Plates the surface colonies are 

 irregular, and the deep colonies are small and round. 



In Stab Cultures. Nail-like culture with flat head. 



On Agar. A thin greyish coating. 



Bouillon becomes clouded. 



In Grape Sugar Media gas is formed. 



Pathogenesis. Very virulent for mice, and not so virulent for 

 guinea-pigs, by subcutaneous injection. The bacilli soon lose their 

 virulence, but soon regain it, when cultivated in bouillon to which some 

 small pieces of hard-boiled egg albumen is added. The yellow-hammer 

 and finch are easily affected by subcutaneous injection, while sparrows 

 are not so susceptible. Feeding experiments yield no positive results. 

 Infection probably by means of the air. 



BACILLUS OF THE CANARY BIRD SEPTICAEMIA. 



Found by Von Rieck. 



Microscopical Appearances. Bacilli somewhat larger than the 

 bacillus of chicken cholera, 1-2 to 2- 5 //, long. 



