BACILLUS OF CANARY BIRD SEPTIC^MIA 185 



Motility. Motile. 



Staining Reactions. Stains with the ordinary stains, most in- 

 tensely at the poles. Not by the Gram method. 



Biological Characters. The growth on the various media is more 

 luxuriant than the bacillus of chicken cholera. 



On Potatoes it forms a yellow-grey coating. 



Vitality. The cultures are killed when heated for five minutes 

 at 100 C. 



Pathogenesis. Mice die when inoculated cutaneously or sub- 

 cutaneously with minute quantities, and exhibit a characteristic sep- 

 ticaemia. Feeding experiments yield similar results. Affected canaries 

 exhibit a fuliginous colouring of the skin and multiple necrosis of the 

 liver. Bacilli are present in great quantities in the blood. 



Differential Diagnosis. From chicken cholera it is distinguished 

 by the motility of the organism and its growth on potatoes. 



BACILLUS OF PNEUMONIA-PERICARDITIS OF THE 

 TURKEY (M'FADYEAN.) 



This organism was described by M'Fadyean in an epizootic among 

 turkeys characterised by pneumonia-pericardial lesions. 



Microscopical Appearances. In the blood tissues and artificial 

 culture media it occurs as short ovoid bacilli, not distinguishable by 

 shape or size from the bacilli of fowl cholera. 



Motility. Motile. 



Spore Formation absent. 



Staining Reactions. Exhibits bipolar staining with the ordinary 

 aniline dyes, but is decolorized by the Gram and Weigert methods. 



Cultivation. Stab Cultures in Gelatine kept at 25 C. exhibit a 

 distinctly visible growth in forty-eight hours along the needle track. 

 The gelatine is not liquefied. 



In Streak Cultures in Oblique Gelatine it develops in a whitish line, 

 which does not spread far from the needle track. 



On oblique surface Agar at the temperature of the body it develops a 

 thin translucent pellicle. 



Bouillon becomes turbid in twenty-four hours at 37 C., a ropy sedi- 

 ment finally forming, the upper portions of the bouillon becoming 

 clear. 



On Potatoes no appreciable growth takes place. 



The bacillus is a facultative anaerobe, growing abundantly in 

 bouillon flasks in an atmosphere of hydrogen. 



