FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE 203 



least malaise, or losing a gramme of their weight. These accidents 

 appeared more marked, and the cachexia much more profound, when the 

 sacs introduced after inoculation were more numerous, of a greater 

 capacity, or as the cultures concerned were richer. Several attempts 

 were made to obtain cultures in sacs in the guinea-pig, but with nega- 

 tive results. Even after remaining six weeks in the peritoneal cavity 

 of the guinea-pig, strongly inoculated bouillon is found as limpid as at 

 the commencement. 



Experimental Inoculation. A small quantity of the fluid culti- 

 vated in the collodion sacs was injected into five Brittany cows, causing 

 the development of the absolutely characteristic pleuro-pneumonic en- 

 gorgement ; one of the cows succumbing with a formidable cedematous 

 infiltration, the other four resisted. Two of them were inoculated in the 

 defended region with a strong dose (1 c.c.) of pulmonary serosity, and 

 did not absolutely manifest any local or general symptoms, whereas 

 a fresh cow inoculated at the same time as they were with 10 drops of 

 the same serosity succumbed twenty-two days after inoculation. The 

 third cow was re-inoculated after four months with 1 c.c. of pulmonary 

 serosity obtained from a subacute lesion, but did not exhibit any local 

 lesion or fever. The fourth cow has not yet been re-inoculated. 



FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE. 



(Eczema Epizootica. Ger. Maul und Klauenseuche. 

 Fr. Stomatite Aphtheuse.) 



In the report of the German Commission, published February 1898, 

 Professors Loffler and Frosch state that the many bacterial bodies 

 heretofore described as the cause of foot and mouth disease do not 

 possess the etiological significance attributed to them. The Commission 

 were able to immunize healthy animals in various ways calves with 

 lymph heated for twelve hours at 37 C., and also with lymph heated 

 30 minutes at 60 C., and lastly, with lymph mixed with the blood of 

 animals that had recovered from the disease and acquired immunity to 

 the introduction of the virus into their bodies, the best results being 

 obtained with the mixture of lymph and blood. The quantities of the 

 blood and lymph mixture used were 1 to 40 c.c. of highly virulent lymph and 

 10 c.c. of defibrinated blood. Some of the inoculated animals were not 

 affected, while others exhibited slight lesions on the mouth which did 

 not interfere with their general health. These changes appeared ten 

 to fourteen days after the animals were inoculated, as flat, round, or 

 rugged exfoliations of the epithelium, and were localized on the typical 

 spots affected by the characteristic vesicles of the natural disease. 

 These erosions were mostly accompanied by an infiltration of a black or 



