ROARING IN HORSES. 23 



case of roaring," says this Veterinarian, ''was 

 suggested to me by the examination of a 

 horse affected with fracture of the thyroid 

 cartilage. To remedy the accident the larynx 

 was opened up, and I was astonished at the 

 impunity with which the Interior could be 

 explored. The revelation which this fact 

 afforded determined me to attempt the cure 

 of roaring by a simple and sure operation. 

 The physiology of the horse's larynx and the 

 ease with which It adapts itself to surgical 

 treatment being little known, I had, like 

 those who preceded me In this line of 

 research, to make a variety of experiments." 



Fleming successively tried excision of the 

 left vocal cord, the upper part of the arytenoid, 

 ablation of the cord and a very large portion 

 of the cartilage, but with little or no success. 

 He then removed the arytenoid entirely, and 



