ROARING IN HORSES. 43 



the cricoid, then from within outwards and 

 from below upwards to the insertion of the 

 vocal cords. This incision can be made at 

 some distance from the edges of the car- 

 tilage, so as to affect the mucous membrane 

 as little as possible, which ought to be 

 entirely divided ; if incompletely so at the 

 first attempt, the bistoury must be used 

 anew. 



(U) With long, well-ground scissors the 

 vocal cord is cut through at its insertion on 

 the arytenoid (fig. ii); then with great pre- 

 cision the cartilage is dissected, from behind 

 forwards, dividing the mucous membrane 

 along the lower edge and the muscular fibres 

 (crico - ary tenoidean and thy ro - ary tenoidean), 

 which are inserted on its external face 

 (fig. 12); then, holding the scissors vertically, 

 the mucous membrane which covers the 



