UMBELLIFER^. (PARSLEY FAMILY.) 118 



contains one ovule iu eacli cell; and the fruit .splitiijig into a pair of 

 dry seed-like indehiscent carpels. Stem cuninjniiiy hollow. Leaves 

 mainly alternate, mostly compound, often decompound, tiie pcti«de 

 expanded or sheathing at base. Umbels usually comp<.und, forming 

 umbellets. The bracts under the general umbel form an invulucre, 

 under an umbellet an involucel. The enlarged base of the styles is the 

 stylopodium, which is often surrounded by an epigynous disk. Eacii 

 carpel has usually 5 longitudinal ribs : in the intervals are usually one 

 or more longitudinal oil-tubes, or vittce. The face by which the two 

 carpels cohere is the commissure : a slender prolongation of the axis 

 between them is the carpopliore ; this is apt to s})lit into two branches, 

 a carpel suspended from the tip of each. 



I. Umbels irregularly compound, the flowers capitate in the unibelleta. (Jil-tubes obscure. 



1. Sanicula* Leaves lobed and incised. Flowers polygamous, niu.stiy yellow. Fruit 



covered with hooked prickles or tubercles. 



II. Umbels regularly compound. Fruit without prominent secondary ribs and not fur- 



nished with hooked or barbed prickles. ^ Oil-tubes rarely wanting. 



« Fruit more or less compressed laterally, broadly ovate or subglobose to elliptic-oblong, 



not broadly winged. 



■I- Seed with sides moderately incurved : carpophore 2-cleft : flowers yellow or white. 



2. Musenium. Fruit ovate or ovate-oblong : ribs 5, filiform, slightly prominent : oil-tul)e.s 



2 or 3 in the intervals. 



3. Orogenia. Fruit ovoid : ribs 5, the .3 dorsal ones filiform, the lateral thickened, corky 



and involute : oil-tubes obscure, 3 in each interval. 



•(- ■*- Seed nearly terete or but slightly (concave on the face. 



++ Fruit not prominently ribbed : carpophore bifid or 2-parted. Involucre and involucels 



usually present. Flowers white. 



4. Carum. Fruit ovate or oblong : ribs filiform : oil-tubes solitary. 



5. Berula. Fruit nearly globose, emarginate at base, with thickened epicarit : oil-tubes 



numerous and contiguous : leaflets ovate-oblong to linear, laciniately toothed. 

 ++ ++ Fruit with 5 strong ribs : carpophore 2-parted. 

 = Involucre none : flowers yellow: leaves all simple. 



6. Bupleurum. Fruit ovoid-oblong, with or without oil-tubes: leaves entire. 



= = Involucres and involucels usually present: flowers white : leaves pinnate to pinnately 



decompound. 



7. Cicuta. Fruit broadly ovate, with thick obtuse wings : oil-tubes solitary. 



8. Siuiu. Fruit globular : ribs wing-like : oil-tubes I to 3 in the intervals. 



* * Fruit somewhat compressed laterally, linear-oblong, with broad commissure, not 

 winged: seed sulcate or reniform in section: carpophore 2-parted, pei-sistont : flowers 

 white. 



9. Osmorrhiza. Fruit narrowly attenuate at base, liisiiid on the acutisli angles : (<iI-tulH^s 



very obscure : seed sulcate on the face or somewhat involute : umbels nearly naked : 

 leaflets ovate, cleft and toothed. 

 10. Glycosma. Similar, but fruit not attenuate at ba.se, very rarely hispid : seed broadly 



sulcate. 



1 The introduced genus Dancus has the secondary ribs most promijient and arniol with 

 barbed or hooked prickles, and solitary oil-tubes under the wings or ribs. See foot-note, 

 p. 121. 



P 



