AKALIACE^. (ginseng FAMILY.) 121 



17. HE RAGLE UM, L. Cow Paksnip. 



Calyx-teeth small or obs(^leto. Disk undulate ; stylopodiuni couical. Fruit 

 orbicular or elliptical; oil-tubes 2 on the commissure: seed Hat and thiu. — 

 Leaves ample, compound : umbels many-rayed : iuvolucels many-leaved. 



1. H. lanatum, INIichx. A very large strong-scented plant, 4 to 8 feet 

 high, woolly : stem grooved : leaves 1 to 2-tornately compound ; leaflets 

 somewhat heart-shaped. — From Colorado to British America and eastward 

 to the Atlantic ; also iu California. 



18. ARC HE MORA, DC. Cowhane. 



Calyx 5-toothed. Fruit oval, tlattish ; ribs approximated and ecjuidistant 

 on the convex back; oil-tubes 4 to 6 on the commissure. — Leaves j)inuatc, 

 with 3 to 9 lanceolate or linear leaflets : iuvolucels of numerous small leaflets. 



I. A. Eendleri, Gray. Root fasciculate-tuberose; tubers 3 to 4, about 

 an inch long . stem simple, 1 to 2 feet high : leaflets of the radical and lower 

 cauline leaves ovate or oblong, all incisely serrate throughout : fruit hardly 

 2 lines long. — PI. Feudl. 56. Colorado and New Mexico. 



19. FERULA, L. 



Calyx-teeth obsolete. Disk small and stylopodiuni depressed. Fruit 

 oblong-elliptical or nearly orbicular. — Smooth, nearly acaulescent peren- 

 nials, with thick fusiform roots : leaves pinnately decompound : flowers 

 yellow, in many-rayed umbels. 



I. F. multifida, Gray. Stems 1^ to 2 feet high, stout, naked or with 

 1 or 2 leaves : segments of the 3 to 4-pinnate leaves incisely pinuatifid, with 

 narrow or linear lobes: flowers dull yellow or brownish. — Proc. Am. Acad 

 vii. 348. Iu the Wasatch, W. Montana, Idaho, and ( )regon. 



20. POLYT^NIA,! DC. 



Calyx 5-toothed. Fruit oval, very flat; many oil-tulies in the corky margin. 



— A smooth herb, with 2-pinnate leaves, the uppermost opposite and 3-cleft . 

 iuvolucels bristly : flowers bright yellow. 



1. P. Nuttallii, DC. I'laut 2 or 3 feet high, with rather a stout sulcato 

 stem which is usually scabrous and leafy: leaves mostly on long ])otioles, the 

 segments pinnately incised or toothed: fruit 3 lines long, entire at each end. 



— Plains of the Platte and eastward to Indiana and Louisiana. 



Order 37. ARAHACEiE. (Ginseno F.vmily.) 



Like Umhelliferce, but the uinliels U()t regularly compound, stems apt 

 to be woody, styles and carpels more than two, and the fruit fleshy 

 (berry- like or drupaceou.s). 



1. Aralia. Petals imbricatetl. Ovarj' 2 to 5-oollod. Pedicels Jointed. Ours not prickly. 



2. Fatsia. Petals valvate. Ovary 2 to 3-celled. Pedicels not Jointed. Very prickly 



throughout. 



1 The introduced Daiicus Carota, L., may be known by it-s bristly stem, pinnntifld invo- 

 lucre which equals the dense and concave umbel, white or crcam-colored Howcrs. the central 

 one of each nmbellet beinR abortive and uark purple. 



