COMPOSlTiE. (composite FAMILY.) 131 



« * Akeues 10-costate or striate : scales of the involucre rej^nilaily imbricated ; the outer oues 



successively sliorter. 

 •t- Scales of the involucre not herbaceous, conspicuously striate-nerved : corolla slender 



5-toothed at summit ; the teeth mostly glandular : pappus a single series of bristles : 



leaves mostly not entire. 



3. Hulinia. Pappus conspicuously plumose. Scales of tlie involucre narrow, in few 



siTJcs Leaves nearly all alternate. 



4. Brickellia. Pappus from barbellate or subplumose to merely scabrous. Leaves 



opposite or alternate. 

 ♦- +- Scales of the involucre somewhat herbaceous or partly colored, not consfiicuouBlT 

 striate : corollas narrow, with gradually dilated throat and elongated lanceolate or linear 

 spreailing (rose-colored) lobes : pappus about a single series of capillary or stouter 

 bristles : leaves punctate, entire. 



5. Liatris. Heads few to many-flowered. Involucre spirally imbricate. Akenes slender 



or tapering from apex to base, pubescent. Pappus of lirm and mostly equal bristles, 

 from plumose to barbellate. Leaves alternate. Herbs, with heads in a terminal 

 spike or raceme, sometimes becoming paniculate. 



Tribe III. ASTEROIDE^. Heads with ligulate ray-flowers pistillate or rarely neu- 

 tral or with the flowers all hermaphrodite and tubular, or even dioecious. Receptacle 

 seldom chaffy. Pappus various, sometimes none. Leaves mostly alternate. 



* Disk wholly of hermaphrodite flowers, of the same color as the ray i\{ present), mostly 

 yellow ; their corollas tubular with more or less ampliate tliroat and 4 or o-lobed limb : 

 receptacle not chaffy, flat or merely convex: involucre closely imbricated, mostly in 

 several series. 



t- Pappus chaffy : heads radiate, small, paniculate or cymose-clustered : scales of the invo- 

 lucre mostly coriaceous, the outer successively shorter. 



6. Giitierrezia. Involucre oblong-clavate or turbinate to campanulate. Receptacle 

 from flat to conical, commonly alveolite o limbrillate. Style-appendages mostly slender. 

 Rays 1 to 8. Akenes short, obovate or oblong, terete or 5-angled. 



■*- ■»- Pappus of a few (2 to S) elongated awns or rigid caducous bristles : heads radiate or 

 rayless, solitary at the end of the brantrhes. 



7. Grindelia. Heads many-flowered, hemispherical or at first globose : the scales mi- 



merous and narrow, imbricated in many series, firm and rigid, with more or less 

 herbaceous tips. Style-appendages lanceolate or linear. Akenes short and thick, 

 compressed or turgid, or the outer triangular, truiuiat*, glabrous. 

 ■>-■*-■*- Pappus double : the inner of numerous capillary scabrous bristles : the outer com- 

 posed of minute short bristles or scales, which are sometimes even obsolete: he.ids 

 mostly radiate, middle-sized, terminating the stem and branches. 



8. Chrysopsls. Heads many-flowered, with rays numerous or wanting. Involucre ram- 



paiiulate or hemispherical, of narrow regularly imbricated scales. Style-appenda^s 

 from linear-Hliform to slender-subulate. Akenes from obovate to linear-fusiform, 

 compressed or turgid, 



■'■- +- -t- 4- Pappus of numerous capillary scabrous bristles, simple, in one or more aerie.s : 

 receptacle more or less alveolate and the alveoli often dentate : 8tyle-api>endages from 

 ovate-lanceolate to filiform : flowers yellow. 

 S. Chrysopsis. Species with outer pappus obscure or wanting would lie sought here. 



9. Aplopappus. Heads usually manj'-flowered, radiate, rarely discoid. Disk-corollns 



narrow, u-tnothed. Involucre usually (but not always") broad : the bracts with or 

 without herbaceous tips. Akenes from turbinate to linear. 

 10. Bl^elovia. Hoads .3 to .30-flowered, destitute of rays, small. Involucre narrow: the 

 bracts chartaceous or coriaceous, mostly destitute of foliaceons or herMc#>ou» tips. 

 Akenes narrow, terete or angled, hardly compressed, mostly at least 5-ner^•6d. Pappu* 

 of somewhat equal bristles. Inflorescence not racemifonu- 



