COMPOSIT.E. (^C0MP(JS1TE FAMILY.) 155 



= = Leaves obtuse or ahrupth/ apfcii!ate,^firm or coriaceous : pubescence all close: 

 panicle inosthj naked end compact : bracts of the involucre broadish and obtuse, 

 of firm texture : rai/s/eiver and larger, golden ijellow. 



9. S. nemoralis, Ait, Mostly low, with fine dose soft or (in aj^e) sca- 

 bj'oiis puhest-ence: leaves from spatulate-obovate to oblaiiccolate or linear; 

 radical and lower cauline sparinfjlji serrate : flii/rsus and its compact racemifnmi 

 clusters secund, common]y recurved-spreading : bracts of the invohu-re oblonrj- 

 linear or narrower, obtuse: rays 5 to 9. — From Arizona to Nevada and ea.st- 

 ward across the continent. 



Var. incana, Gray. Dwarf, span to a foot high : leaves oval or oblong, 

 rigid, canescent, sometimes strongly serrate and sometimes mostly entire: 

 racemiform clusters erect or the lower spreading, collected in a den.<e oblojig 

 or conical thyrsus. — From the mountains of Colorailo and Montana to the 

 Dakotas and Minne.sota. 



10. S. nana, Xutt. A span to a foot high, canescent with minute den.se 

 puberulence, 7}ot scabrous in age : leaves mo.stly obovate or spatulate and entire, 

 small : heads broad, few or rather numerous in an oblong or con/mbi/hnn pani- 

 cle, not at all secund : bracts of the involucre oval or oblong, very obtuse: other- 

 wise nearly as S. nemoralis. — S. pumila, of Fl. Colorado. From Wyoming 

 to N. Arizona and Nevada. 



* * * Heads in a compact and cort/mbifonn thyrsus or cyme : radical leaves 



mostly long-petioled and ivith prominent midrib. 

 ■»- Leaves not 3-nerved or smooth: heads over 30-fiowered: rays 7 to 10, rather 



large. 



11. S. rigida, L. Somewhat cinereous with a short and dense, either soft 

 or scabrous pubescence: stem stout, 2 to .5 feet high: leaves rigid, obscurely 

 serrate or entire ; radical and lowest cauline oval or oblong, rounded at both 

 ends or acute at base, 3 to 7 inches long; upper cauline ovate-oblong, gradu- 

 ally smaller upward, with slightly clasping or decurrent base: clusters dense : 

 heads campanulate : involucral bracts broad : akenos turgid, 12 to Ifi-nerved. 

 — From Colorado to the Saskatchewan and eastward, 



•*- -»- Leaves rigid, 3-nerved, smooth and glabi'ous : heads 5 to 8-fiowered : rays 1 



to 3, short. 



12. S. pumila, Torr. & Gray. Dwarf, a span or more high, many- 

 stemmed from a woody cespitose caudex, glabrous throuijhout, punct.ate, 

 somewhat resinous : radical leaves 2 or 3 inches long : cyme glomerate-fas- 

 tigiate : heads narrowly oblong: involucral bracts rigid, sonuMvhat cariuate, 

 and with small green tips : mature akenes Hattish and 5-nerved. — From Texas 

 through S, Colorado to Nevada and Idaho. 



§ 2, Receptacle fimbrillate or pilose: rays very small, almost always more numer- 

 ous than the dish- floivers and never surpassing them in height: heads glomer- 

 ately and fasciculafely cymose, small : leaves very numerous, all linear, entire, 

 1 to b-nerved, sessile : akenes villous-pubescent. 



13. S. OCOidentalis, Nutt. Stems 2/06 feet high ; the branches termi- 

 nated by small clusters of mostly pedicellate heads: leaves usually 3-nerve(l, 

 glabrous and smooth even on the midrib, and margins obscurely scabrou? • bracts 



